Formatting content for a reduced-size user interface

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure generally relates to displaying content on a reduced-size user interface. An electronic device with one or more processors, memory, and a display, receives content associated with a designated area of the display, where the content is associated with a plurality of available display formats stored in the memory. The device determines a size of the designated area and determines a first display format for the content from the plurality of available display formats based on at least the content and the size of the designated area. The device displays a representation of the content according to the first display format.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/839,889, filed Aug. 28, 2015, which claims priority to U.S.Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/172,033, filed Jun. 5, 2015.The contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentirety.

FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to computer user interfaces,and more specifically to techniques for formatting content for displayon a reduced-size user interface.

BACKGROUND

Many modern electronic devices, such as smartphones, tablet computers,watches, and the like, include a display that serves as the primary userinterface for the device. The size of the display on such devices isoften small, which makes it difficult to display significant amounts ofcontent in a discernable, comprehensible, and aesthetically pleasingmanner.

Some techniques for displaying content on a reduced-size user interfaceusing electronic devices, however, are generally inefficient. Forexample, some existing techniques do not accommodate different interfacesizes. Existing techniques may fail to display key information (e.g., ifthe size of the content exceeds the size of the display area) or displaycontent in a manner that is difficult to view, making it challenging fora user to interact with the device.

In addition, modern devices may accommodate simultaneous display ofcontent from multiple different sources (e.g., different applications),each with a different style, format, color, etc. The lack of aconsistent general appearance can result in an interface that isdistracting and makes it difficult for a user to process the displayedinformation.

BRIEF SUMMARY

In view of the issues discussed above, the present disclosure provides,inter alia, the benefit of electronic devices with more efficientmethods and interfaces for displaying content on a reduced-size userinterface. Such methods and interfaces optionally complement or replaceother methods for displaying content on a reduced-size user interface.Such methods and interfaces may reduce the cognitive burden on a userand produce a more efficient human-machine interface. Such methods andinterfaces may also reduce the number of unnecessary, extraneous,repetitive, and/or redundant inputs, and may create a faster and moreefficient user interface arrangement, which may reduce the number ofrequired inputs, reduce processing power, and reduce the amount of timefor which user interfaces need to be displayed in order for desiredfunctions to be accessed and carried out. For battery-operated computingdevices, such methods and interfaces conserve power and increase thetime between battery charges.

The above deficiencies and other problems are reduced or eliminated bythe disclosed devices, methods, and computer-readable media. In someembodiments, the device is a desktop computer. In some embodiments, thedevice is portable (e.g., a notebook computer, tablet computer, orhandheld device). In some embodiments, the device has a touchpad. Insome embodiments, the device has a touch-sensitive display (also knownas a “touch screen” or “touch screen display”). In some embodiments, thedevice has hardware input mechanisms such as depressible buttons and/orrotatable input mechanisms. In some embodiments, the device has agraphical user interface (GUI), one or more processors, memory, and oneor more modules, programs, or sets of instructions stored in the memoryfor performing multiple functions. In some embodiments, the userinteracts with the GUI through finger contacts and gestures on thetouch-sensitive surface and/or through rotating the rotatable inputmechanism and/or through depressing hardware buttons. In someembodiments, the functions optionally include image editing, drawing,presenting, word processing, website creating, disk authoring,spreadsheet making, game playing, telephoning, video conferencing,e-mailing, instant messaging, workout support, digital photographing,digital videoing, web browsing, digital music playing, and/or digitalvideo playing. Executable instructions for performing these functionsare, optionally, included in a non-transitory computer-readable storagemedium or other computer program product configured for execution by oneor more processors. Executable instructions for performing thesefunctions are, optionally, included in a transitory computer-readablemedium or other computer program product configured for execution by oneor more processors.

In some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device withone or more processors, memory, and a display. The method includes:receiving content associated with a designated area of the display,where the content is associated with a plurality of available displayformats stored in the memory; determining a size of the designated area;determining a first display format for the content from the plurality ofavailable display formats based on at least the content and the size ofthe designated area; and displaying a representation of the contentaccording to the first display format.

In some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display, one ormore processors, a memory, and one or more programs, where the one ormore programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed bythe one or more processors. The one or more programs includeinstructions for: receiving content associated with a designated area ofthe display, where the content is associated with a plurality ofavailable display formats stored in the memory; determining a size ofthe designated area; determining a first display format for the contentfrom the plurality of available display formats based on at least thecontent and the size of the designated area; and displaying arepresentation of the content according to the first display format.

In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage mediumstores one or more programs, where the one or more programs includeinstructions, which when executed by one or more processors of anelectronic device with a display, cause the device to: receive contentassociated with a designated area of the display, where the content isassociated with a plurality of available display formats stored in thememory; determine a size of the designated area; determine a firstdisplay format for the content from the plurality of available displayformats based on at least the content and the size of the designatedarea; and display a representation of the content according to the firstdisplay format.

In some embodiments, a transitory computer-readable medium comprisesinstructions, which when executed by one or more processors of anelectronic device with a display, cause the device to: receive contentassociated with a designated area of the display, where the content isassociated with a plurality of available display formats stored in thememory; determine a size of the designated area; determine a firstdisplay format for the content from the plurality of available displayformats based on at least the content and the size of the designatedarea; and display a representation of the content according to the firstdisplay format.

In some embodiments, an electronic device includes: a display; means forreceiving content associated with a designated area of the display,where the content is associated with a plurality of available displayformats stored in the memory; means for determining a size of thedesignated area; means for determining a first display format for thecontent from the plurality of available display formats based on atleast the content and the size of the designated area; and means fordisplaying a representation of the content according to the firstdisplay format.

In some embodiments, an electronic device includes a display unitconfigured to display a graphic user interface; and a processing unitcoupled to the display unit. The processing unit is configured to:receive content associated with a designated area of the display, wherethe content is associated with a plurality of available display formatsstored in the memory; determine a size of the designated area; determinea first display format for the content from the plurality of availabledisplay formats based on at least the content and the size of thedesignated area; and enable display of a representation of the contentaccording to the first display format.

In some embodiments, a method is performed at an electronic device withone or more processors, memory, and a display. The method includesreceiving data representing an application and, in response to receivingthe data representing the application, loading the application into thememory, where loading the application into the memory includes storingdata representing one or more complications associated with theapplication. A first user interface screen including a clock face isdisplayed, where the clock face includes one or more complication areas.A first user input is received and, in response to receiving the firstuser input, a clock face edit mode of the electronic device is entered.While in the clock face edit mode, a second user input is receivedcorresponding to selection of a first complication area of the one ormore complication areas and, in response to receiving the second userinput corresponding to selection of the first complication area, one ormore representations of at least one of the one or more complicationsassociated with the application is displayed, where the one or morerepresentations includes a first representation of a first complicationfrom the at least one of the one or more complications associated withthe application and the first complication includes content associatedwith the first complication. A first display format for the contentassociated with the first complication is determined. A third user inputcorresponding to selection of the first representation of the firstcomplication is received and, in response to receiving the third userinput, the first complication is associated with the first complicationarea of the clock face. While in the clock face edit mode, a fourth userinput is received and, in response to receiving the fourth user input:the clock face edit mode is exited; and a second user interface screenincluding the clock face is displayed, where the clock face on thesecond user interface screen includes the first complication in thefirst complication area and the first complication includes arepresentation of the content formatted according to the first displayformat.

In some embodiments, an electronic device includes: a display; one ormore processors; a memory; and one or more programs, where the one ormore programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed bythe one or more processors, the one or more programs includinginstructions for: receiving data representing an application; inresponse to receiving the data representing the application, loading theapplication into the memory, where loading the application into thememory includes storing data representing one or more complicationsassociated with the application; displaying a first user interfacescreen including a clock face, where the clock face includes one or morecomplication areas; receiving a first user input; in response toreceiving the first user input, entering a clock face edit mode of theelectronic device; while in the clock face edit mode, receiving a seconduser input corresponding to selection of a first complication area ofthe one or more complication areas; in response to receiving the seconduser input corresponding to selection of the first complication area,displaying one or more representations of at least one of the one ormore complications associated with the application where the one or morerepresentations includes a first representation of a first complicationfrom the at least one of the one or more complications associated withthe application, and where the first complication includes contentassociated with the first complication; determining a first displayformat for the content associated with the first complication; receivinga third user input corresponding to selection of the firstrepresentation of the first complication; in response to receiving thethird user input, associating the first complication with the firstcomplication area of the clock face; while in the clock face edit mode,receiving a fourth user input; and in response to receiving the fourthuser input: exiting the clock face edit mode; and displaying a seconduser interface screen including the clock face, where the clock face onthe second user interface screen includes the first complication in thefirst complication area, and where the first complication includes arepresentation of the content formatted according to the first displayformat.

In some embodiments, a non-transitory computer-readable storage mediumstores one or more programs, the one or more programs comprisinginstructions, which when executed by one or more processors of anelectronic device with a display, cause the device to: receive datarepresenting an application; in response to receiving the datarepresenting the application, load the application into the memory,where loading the application into the memory includes storing datarepresenting one or more complications associated with the application;display a first user interface screen including a clock face, where theclock face includes one or more complication areas; receive a first userinput; in response to receiving the first user input, enter a clock faceedit mode of the electronic device; while in the clock face edit mode,receive a second user input corresponding to selection of a firstcomplication area of the one or more complication areas; in response toreceiving the second user input corresponding to selection of the firstcomplication area, display one or more representations of at least oneof the one or more complications associated with the application, wherethe one or more representations includes a first representation of afirst complication from the at least one of the one or morecomplications associated with the application, and where the firstcomplication includes content associated with the first complication;determine a first display format for the content associated with thefirst complication; receive a third user input corresponding toselection of the first representation of the first complication; inresponse to receiving the third user input, associate the firstcomplication with the first complication area of the clock face; whilein the clock face edit mode, receiving a fourth user input; and inresponse to receiving the fourth user input: exit the clock face editmode; and display a second user interface screen including the clockface, where the clock face on the second user interface screen includesthe first complication in the first complication area, and where thefirst complication includes a representation of the content formattedaccording to the first display format.

In some embodiments, a transitory computer-readable medium comprisesinstructions, which when executed by one or more processors of anelectronic device with a display, cause the device to: receive datarepresenting an application; in response to receiving the datarepresenting the application, load the application into the memory,where loading the application into the memory includes storing datarepresenting one or more complications associated with the application;display a first user interface screen including a clock face, where theclock face includes one or more complication areas; receive a first userinput; in response to receiving the first user input, enter a clock faceedit mode of the electronic device; while in the clock face edit mode,receive a second user input corresponding to selection of a firstcomplication area of the one or more complication areas; in response toreceiving the second user input corresponding to selection of the firstcomplication area, display one or more representations of at least oneof the one or more complications associated with the application, wherethe one or more representations includes a first representation of afirst complication from the at least one of the one or morecomplications associated with the application, and where the firstcomplication includes content associated with the first complication;determine a first display format for the content associated with thefirst complication; receive a third user input corresponding toselection of the first representation of the first complication; inresponse to receiving the third user input, associate the firstcomplication with the first complication area of the clock face; whilein the clock face edit mode, receiving a fourth user input; and inresponse to receiving the fourth user input: exit the clock face editmode; and display a second user interface screen including the clockface, where the clock face on the second user interface screen includesthe first complication in the first complication area, and where thefirst complication includes a representation of the content formattedaccording to the first display format.

In some embodiments, an electronic device includes: a display; means forreceiving data representing an application; means for, in response toreceiving the data representing the application, loading the applicationinto the memory, where loading the application into the memory includesstoring data representing one or more complications associated with theapplication; means for displaying a first user interface screenincluding a clock face, where the clock face includes one or morecomplication areas; means for receiving a first user input; means for,in response to receiving the first user input, entering a clock faceedit mode of the electronic device; means for, while in the clock faceedit mode, receiving a second user input corresponding to selection of afirst complication area of the one or more complication areas; meansfor, in response to receiving the second user input corresponding toselection of the first complication area, displaying one or morerepresentations of at least one of the one or more complicationsassociated with the application, where the one or more representationsincludes a first representation of a first complication from the atleast one of the one or more complications associated with theapplication, and where the first complication includes contentassociated with the first complication; means for determining a firstdisplay format for the content associated with the first complication;means for receiving a third user input corresponding to selection of thefirst representation of the first complication; means for, in responseto receiving the third user input, associating the first complicationwith the first complication area of the clock face; means for, while inthe clock face edit mode, receiving a fourth user input; and means for,in response to receiving the fourth user input: exiting the clock faceedit mode; and displaying a second user interface screen including theclock face, where the clock face on the second user interface screenincludes the first complication in the first complication area, andwhere the first complication includes a representation of the contentformatted according to the first display format.

In some embodiments, an electronic device includes: a display unitconfigured to display a graphic user interface; and a processing unitcoupled to the display unit, the processing unit configured to: receivedata representing an application; in response to receiving the datarepresenting the application, load the application into the memory,where loading the application into the memory includes storing datarepresenting one or more complications associated with the application;enable display of a first user interface screen including a clock face,where the clock face includes one or more complication areas; receive afirst user input; in response to receiving the first user input, enter aclock face edit mode of the electronic device; while in the clock faceedit mode, receive a second user input corresponding to selection of afirst complication area of the one or more complication areas; inresponse to receiving the second user input corresponding to selectionof the first complication area, enable display of one or morerepresentations of at least one of the one or more complicationsassociated with the application, where the one or more representationsincludes a first representation of a first complication from the atleast one of the one or more complications associated with theapplication, and where the first complication includes contentassociated with the first complication; determine a first display formatfor the content associated with the first complication; receive a thirduser input corresponding to selection of the first representation of thefirst complication; in response to receiving the third user input,associate the first complication with the first complication area of theclock face; while in the clock face edit mode, receiving a fourth userinput; and in response to receiving the fourth user input: exit theclock face edit mode; and enable display of a second user interfacescreen including the clock face, where the clock face on the second userinterface screen includes the first complication in the firstcomplication area, and where the first complication includes arepresentation of the content formatted according to the first displayformat.

Thus, devices are provided with faster, more efficient methods andinterfaces for displaying content on a reduced-size display, therebyincreasing the effectiveness, efficiency, and user satisfaction withsuch devices. Such methods and interfaces may complement or replaceother methods for displaying content on a reduced-size display.

DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

For a better understanding of the various described embodiments,reference should be made to the Description of Embodiments below, inconjunction with the following drawings in which like reference numeralsrefer to corresponding parts throughout the figures.

FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating a portable multifunction devicewith a touch-sensitive display in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for eventhandling in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 2 illustrates a portable multifunction device having a touch screenin accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu ofapplications on a portable multifunction device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary user interface for a multifunctiondevice with a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the displayin accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 5A illustrates a personal electronic device in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 5B is a block diagram illustrating a personal electronic device inaccordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 6A and 6F-6I illustrate exemplary user interfaces in accordancewith some embodiments.

FIGS. 6B-6E illustrate exemplary display formats in accordance with someembodiments.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for operating anelectronic device in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 8 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronicdevice in accordance with some embodiments.

FIGS. 9A-9G illustrate exemplary user interfaces in accordance with someembodiments.

FIGS. 10A-10B are a flow diagram illustrating a method for operating anelectronic device in accordance with some embodiments.

FIG. 11 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronicdevice in accordance with some embodiments.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

The following description sets forth exemplary methods, parameters, andthe like. It should be recognized, however, that such description is notintended as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure but isinstead provided as a description of exemplary embodiments.

The present disclosure provides, inter alia, the benefit of electronicdevices with efficient methods and techniques for displaying content ona reduced-size user interface. For example, a method may automaticallyadjust the format of content in a designated area of a display accordingto one of several established formats. Such a technique can therebycreate a more efficient user interface that provides information in amore consistent and comprehensible manner. Also, for content provided bythird parties, the methods described below may display, in a consistentand comprehensible format, content that has not been specificallydesigned for a particular display.

Below, FIGS. 1A-1B, 2, 3, 4A-4B, and 5A-5B provide a description ofexemplary devices for displaying content on a reduced-size userinterface. Exemplary user interfaces for displaying content on areduced-size display are described with reference to FIGS. 6A-6I and9A-8G. FIGS. 7 and 10 are flow diagrams illustrating methods ofdisplaying content on a reduced-size user interface in accordance withsome embodiments. The user interfaces and display formats in FIGS. 6A-6Iand 9A-8G are used to illustrate the processes described below,including the processes in FIGS. 7 and 10.

Although the following description uses terms “first,” “second,” etc. todescribe various elements, these elements should not be limited by theterms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element fromanother. For example, a first touch could be termed a second touch, and,similarly, a second touch could be termed a first touch, withoutdeparting from the scope of the various described embodiments. The firsttouch and the second touch are both touches, but they are not the sametouch.

The terminology used in the description of the various describedembodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in thedescription of the various described embodiments and the appendedclaims, the singular forms “a”, “an,” and “the” are intended to includethe plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as usedherein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations ofone or more of the associated listed items. It will be furtherunderstood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or“comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence ofstated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/orcomponents, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or moreother features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components,and/or groups thereof.

The term “if” may be construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in responseto determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context.Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated conditionor event] is detected” may be construed to mean “upon determining” or“in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition orevent]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],”depending on the context.

Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, andassociated processes for using such devices are described. In someembodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as amobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/ormusic player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunctiondevices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad®devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronicdevices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitivesurfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touchpads), are,optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in someembodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but isa desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screendisplay and/or a touchpad).

In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should beunderstood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes oneor more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physicalkeyboard, a mouse, and/or a joystick.

The device may support a variety of applications, such as one or more ofthe following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a wordprocessing application, a website creation application, a disk authoringapplication, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, atelephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mailapplication, an instant messaging application, a workout supportapplication, a photo management application, a digital cameraapplication, a digital video camera application, a web browsingapplication, a digital music player application, and/or a digital videoplayer application.

The various applications that are executed on the device optionally useat least one common physical user-interface device, such as thetouch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitivesurface as well as corresponding information displayed on the deviceare, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the nextand/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physicalarchitecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the deviceoptionally supports the variety of applications with user interfacesthat are intuitive and transparent to the user.

Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices withtouch-sensitive displays. FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustratingportable multifunction device 100 with touch-sensitive display system112 in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display 112 issometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience and is sometimes knownas or called a “touch-sensitive display system.” Device 100 includesmemory 102 (which optionally includes one or more computer-readablestorage mediums), memory controller 122, one or more processing units(CPUs) 120, peripherals interface 118, RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry110, speaker 111, microphone 113, input/output (I/O) subsystem 106,other input control devices 116, and external port 124. Device 100optionally includes one or more optical sensors 164. Device 100optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165 fordetecting intensity of contacts on device 100 (e.g., a touch-sensitivesurface such as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100).Device 100 optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 167for generating tactile outputs on device 100 (e.g., generating tactileoutputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive displaysystem 112 of device 100 or touchpad 355 of device 300). Thesecomponents optionally communicate over one or more communication busesor signal lines 103.

As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of acontact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure(force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on thetouch-sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force orpressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of acontact has a range of values that includes at least four distinctvalues and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., atleast 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (ormeasured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinationsof sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath oradjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measureforce at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In someimplementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors arecombined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of acontact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally,used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitivesurface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on thetouch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of thetouch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto,and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to thecontact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute forthe force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. Insome implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force orpressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity thresholdhas been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in unitscorresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations,the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are convertedto an estimated force or pressure, and the estimated force or pressureis used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded(e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in unitsof pressure). Using the intensity of a contact as an attribute of a userinput allows for user access to additional device functionality that mayotherwise not be accessible by the user on a reduced-size device withlimited real estate for displaying affordances (e.g., on atouch-sensitive display) and/or receiving user input (e.g., via atouch-sensitive display, a touch-sensitive surface, or aphysical/mechanical control such as a knob or a button).

As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output”refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previousposition of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., atouch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component(e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relativeto a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user withthe user's sense of touch. For example, in situations where the deviceor the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a userthat is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of auser's hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacementwill be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding toa perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or thecomponent of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitivesurface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally,interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physicalactuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensationsuch as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement ofa physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surfacethat is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user's movements. Asanother example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally,interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitivesurface, even when there is no change in smoothness of thetouch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a userwill be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user,there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a largemajority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described ascorresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “upclick,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, thegenerated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of thedevice or a component thereof that will generate the described sensoryperception for a typical (or average) user.

It should be appreciated that device 100 is only one example of aportable multifunction device, and that device 100 optionally has moreor fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or morecomponents, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangementof the components. The various components shown in FIG. 1A areimplemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware andsoftware, including one or more signal processing and/orapplication-specific integrated circuits.

Memory 102 may include one or more computer-readable storage mediums.The computer-readable storage mediums may be tangible andnon-transitory. Memory 102 may include high-speed random access memoryand may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magneticdisk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatilesolid-state memory devices. Memory controller 122 may control access tomemory 102 by other components of device 100.

Peripherals interface 118 can be used to couple input and outputperipherals of the device to CPU 120 and memory 102. The one or moreprocessors 120 run or execute various software programs and/or sets ofinstructions stored in memory 102 to perform various functions fordevice 100 and to process data. In some embodiments, peripheralsinterface 118, CPU 120, and memory controller 122 may be implemented ona single chip, such as chip 104. In some other embodiments, they may beimplemented on separate chips.

RF (radio frequency) circuitry 108 receives and sends RF signals, alsocalled electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 converts electricalsignals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates withcommunications networks and other communications devices via theelectromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 optionally includes well-knowncircuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited toan antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner,one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, asubscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RFcircuitry 108 optionally communicates with networks, such as theInternet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranetand/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, awireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network(MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The RF circuitry 108optionally includes well-known circuitry for detecting near fieldcommunication (NFC) fields, such as by a short-range communicationradio. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality ofcommunications standards, protocols, and technologies, including but notlimited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced DataGSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA),high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO),HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), nearfield communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access(W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multipleaccess (TDMA), Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE), Wireless Fidelity(Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n,and/or IEEE 802.11ac), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, aprotocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP)and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensiblemessaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol forInstant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), InstantMessaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service(SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, includingcommunication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of thisdocument.

Audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, and microphone 113 provide an audiointerface between a user and device 100. Audio circuitry 110 receivesaudio data from peripherals interface 118, converts the audio data to anelectrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker 111.Speaker 111 converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves.Audio circuitry 110 also receives electrical signals converted bymicrophone 113 from sound waves. Audio circuitry 110 converts theelectrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data toperipherals interface 118 for processing. Audio data may be retrievedfrom and/or transmitted to memory 102 and/or RF circuitry 108 byperipherals interface 118. In some embodiments, audio circuitry 110 alsoincludes a headset jack (e.g., 212, FIG. 2). The headset jack providesan interface between audio circuitry 110 and removable audioinput/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headsetwith both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input(e.g., a microphone).

I/O subsystem 106 couples input/output peripherals on device 100, suchas touch screen 112 and other input control devices 116, to peripheralsinterface 118. I/O subsystem 106 optionally includes display controller156, optical sensor controller 158, intensity sensor controller 159,haptic feedback controller 161, and one or more input controllers 160for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers160 receive/send electrical signals from/to other input control devices116. The other input control devices 116 optionally include physicalbuttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, sliderswitches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternateembodiments, input controller(s) 160 are, optionally, coupled to any (ornone) of the following: a keyboard, an infrared port, a USB port, and apointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g., 208, FIG.2) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker111 and/or microphone 113. The one or more buttons optionally include apush button (e.g., 206, FIG. 2).

A quick press of the push button may disengage a lock of touch screen112 or begin a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlockthe device, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549,“Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image,” filedDec. 23, 2005, U.S. Pat. No. 7,657,849, which is hereby incorporated byreference in its entirety. A longer press of the push button (e.g., 206)may turn power to device 100 on or off. The user may be able tocustomize a functionality of one or more of the buttons. Touch screen112 is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more softkeyboards.

Touch-sensitive display 112 provides an input interface and an outputinterface between the device and a user. Display controller 156 receivesand/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen 112. Touch screen112 displays visual output to the user. The visual output may includegraphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectivelytermed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visualoutput may correspond to user-interface objects.

Touch screen 112 has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor, or set ofsensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactilecontact. Touch screen 112 and display controller 156 (along with anyassociated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory 102) detectcontact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen112 and convert the detected contact into interaction withuser-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages,or images) that are displayed on touch screen 112. In an exemplaryembodiment, a point of contact between touch screen 112 and the usercorresponds to a finger of the user.

Touch screen 112 may use LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD(light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emittingdiode) technology, although other display technologies may be used inother embodiments. Touch screen 112 and display controller 156 maydetect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of aplurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed,including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, andsurface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensorarrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contactwith touch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutualcapacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in theiPhone® and iPod Touch® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.

A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 112 may beanalogous to the multi-touch sensitive touchpads described in thefollowing U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No.6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932(Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each ofwhich is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. However,touch screen 112 displays visual output from device 100, whereastouch-sensitive touchpads do not provide visual output.

A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 112 may beas described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent applicationSer. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed May 2,2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “MultipointTouchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No.10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30,2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,264, “Gestures ForTouch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User InterfacesFor Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input Device Placement On ATouch Screen User Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (7) U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of A Computer With A TouchScreen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser.No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen VirtualKeyboard,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No.11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006. Allof these applications are incorporated by reference herein in theirentirety.

Touch screen 112 may have a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. Insome embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution ofapproximately 160 dpi. The user may make contact with touch screen 112using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, andso forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to workprimarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be lessprecise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of afinger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translatesthe rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position orcommand for performing the actions desired by the user.

In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device 100 mayinclude a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particularfunctions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive areaof the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visualoutput. The touchpad may be a touch-sensitive surface that is separatefrom touch screen 112 or an extension of the touch-sensitive surfaceformed by the touch screen.

Device 100 also includes power system 162 for powering the variouscomponents. Power system 162 may include a power management system, oneor more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), arecharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converteror inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode(LED)) and any other components associated with the generation,management and distribution of power in portable devices.

Device 100 may also include one or more optical sensors 164. FIG. 1Ashows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller 158 in I/Osubsystem 106. Optical sensor 164 may include charge-coupled device(CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)phototransistors. Optical sensor 164 receives light from theenvironment, projected through one or more lenses, and converts thelight to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module143 (also called a camera module), optical sensor 164 may capture stillimages or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located onthe back of device 100, opposite touch screen display 112 on the frontof the device so that the touch screen display may be used as aviewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In someembodiments, an optical sensor is located on the front of the device sothat the user's image may be obtained for video conferencing while theuser views the other video conference participants on the touch screendisplay. In some embodiments, the position of optical sensor 164 can bechanged by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in thedevice housing) so that a single optical sensor 164 may be used alongwith the touch screen display for both video conferencing and stilland/or video image acquisition.

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more contact intensitysensors 165. FIG. 1A shows a contact intensity sensor coupled tointensity sensor controller 159 in I/O subsystem 106. Contact intensitysensor 165 optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges,capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric forcesensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, orother intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (orpressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensitysensor 165 receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressureinformation or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment.In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocatedwith, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitivedisplay system 112). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensitysensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touch screendisplay 112, which is located on the front of device 100.

Device 100 may also include one or more proximity sensors 166. FIG. 1Ashows proximity sensor 166 coupled to peripherals interface 118.Alternately, proximity sensor 166 may be coupled to input controller 160in I/O subsystem 106. Proximity sensor 166 may perform as described inU.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,839, “Proximity Detector InHandheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/240,788, “Proximity Detector In HandheldDevice”; Ser. No. 11/620,702, “Using Ambient Light Sensor To AugmentProximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 11/586,862, “Automated Response ToAnd Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices”; and Ser. No.11/638,251, “Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration OfPeripherals,” which are hereby incorporated by reference in theirentirety. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off anddisables touch screen 112 when the multifunction device is placed nearthe user's ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call).

Device 100 optionally also includes one or more tactile outputgenerators 167. FIG. 1A shows a tactile output generator coupled tohaptic feedback controller 161 in I/O subsystem 106. Tactile outputgenerator 167 optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devicessuch as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanicaldevices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor,solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostaticactuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., acomponent that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on thedevice). Contact intensity sensor 165 receives tactile feedbackgeneration instructions from haptic feedback module 133 and generatestactile outputs on device 100 that are capable of being sensed by a userof device 100. In some embodiments, at least one tactile outputgenerator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112) and, optionally, generates atactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g.,in/out of a surface of device 100) or laterally (e.g., back and forth inthe same plane as a surface of device 100). In some embodiments, atleast one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back ofdevice 100, opposite touch screen display 112, which is located on thefront of device 100.

Device 100 may also include one or more accelerometers 168. FIG. 1Ashows accelerometer 168 coupled to peripherals interface 118.Alternately, accelerometer 168 may be coupled to an input controller 160in I/O subsystem 106. Accelerometer 168 may perform as described in U.S.Patent Publication No. 20050190059, “Acceleration-based Theft DetectionSystem for Portable Electronic Devices,” and U.S. Patent Publication No.20060017692, “Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable DeviceBased On An Accelerometer,” both of which are incorporated by referenceherein in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayedon the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view basedon an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers.Device 100 optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s) 168, amagnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other globalnavigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining informationconcerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) ofdevice 100.

In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory 102include operating system 126, communication module (or set ofinstructions) 128, contact/motion module (or set of instructions) 130,graphics module (or set of instructions) 132, text input module (or setof instructions) 134, Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set ofinstructions) 135, and applications (or sets of instructions) 136.Furthermore, in some embodiments, memory 102 (FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3)stores device/global internal state 157, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 3.Device/global internal state 157 includes one or more of: activeapplication state, indicating which applications, if any, are currentlyactive; display state, indicating what applications, views or otherinformation occupy various regions of touch screen display 112; sensorstate, including information obtained from the device's various sensorsand input control devices 116; and location information concerning thedevice's location and/or attitude.

Operating system 126 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, iOS,WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includesvarious software components and/or drivers for controlling and managinggeneral system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control,power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between varioushardware and software components.

Communication module 128 facilitates communication with other devicesover one or more external ports 124 and also includes various softwarecomponents for handling data received by RF circuitry 108 and/orexternal port 124. External port 124 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB),FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices orindirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). Insome embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin)connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with, the30-pin connector used on iPod® (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices.

Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects contact with touch screen112 (in conjunction with display controller 156) and othertouch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel).Contact/motion module 130 includes various software components forperforming various operations related to detection of contact, such asdetermining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-downevent), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force orpressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of thecontact), determining if there is movement of the contact and trackingthe movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one ormore finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased(e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact).Contact/motion module 130 receives contact data from the touch-sensitivesurface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which isrepresented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determiningspeed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or anacceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point ofcontact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts(e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g.,“multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments,contact/motion module 130 and display controller 156 detect contact on atouchpad.

In some embodiments, contact/motion module 130 uses a set of one or moreintensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has beenperformed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” onan icon). In some embodiments, at least a subset of the intensitythresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g.,the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholdsof particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changingthe physical hardware of device 100). For example, a mouse “click”threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of alarge range of predefined threshold values without changing the trackpador touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations,a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjustingone or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjustingindividual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality ofintensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity”parameter).

Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects a gesture input by a user.Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contactpatterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and/or intensities ofdetected contacts). Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected bydetecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a fingertap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detectinga finger-up (liftoff) event at the same position (or substantially thesame position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of anicon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on thetouch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followedby detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequentlyfollowed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event.

Graphics module 132 includes various known software components forrendering and displaying graphics on touch screen 112 or other display,including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness,transparency, saturation, contrast, or other visual property) ofgraphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics”includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including, withoutlimitation, text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objectsincluding soft keys), digital images, videos, animations, and the like.

In some embodiments, graphics module 132 stores data representinggraphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned acorresponding code. Graphics module 132 receives, from applicationsetc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with,if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and thengenerates screen image data to output to display controller 156.

Haptic feedback module 133 includes various software components forgenerating instructions used by tactile output generator(s) 167 toproduce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device 100 inresponse to user interactions with device 100.

Text input module 134, which may be a component of graphics module 132,provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g.,contacts 137, e-mail 140, IM 141, browser 147, and any other applicationthat needs text input).

GPS module 135 determines the location of the device and provides thisinformation for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone 138 foruse in location-based dialing; to camera 143 as picture/video metadata;and to applications that provide location-based services such as weatherwidgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets).

Applications 136 may include the following modules (or sets ofinstructions), or a subset or superset thereof:

-   -   Contacts module 137 (sometimes called an address book or contact        list);    -   Telephone module 138;    -   Video conference module 139;    -   E-mail client module 140;    -   Instant messaging (IM) module 141;    -   Workout support module 142;    -   Camera module 143 for still and/or video images;    -   Image management module 144;    -   Video player module;    -   Music player module;    -   Browser module 147;    -   Calendar module 148;    -   Widget modules 149, which may include one or more of: weather        widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget 149-3,        alarm clock widget 149-4, dictionary widget 149-5, and other        widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets        149-6;    -   Widget creator module 150 for making user-created widgets 149-6;    -   Search module 151;    -   Video and music player module 152, which merges video player        module and music player module;    -   Notes module 153;    -   Map module 154; and/or    -   Online video module 155.

Examples of other applications 136 that may be stored in memory 102include other word processing applications, other image editingapplications, drawing applications, presentation applications,JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voicerecognition, and voice replication.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156,contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module134, contacts module 137 may be used to manage an address book orcontact list (e.g., stored in application internal state 192 of contactsmodule 137 in memory 102 or memory 370), including: adding name(s) tothe address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associatingtelephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or otherinformation with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizingand sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses toinitiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone 138, videoconference module 139, e-mail 140, or IM 141; and so forth.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111,microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motionmodule 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, telephonemodule 138 may be used to enter a sequence of characters correspondingto a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in contactsmodule 137, modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial arespective telephone number, conduct a conversation, and disconnect orhang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wirelesscommunication may use any of a plurality of communications standards,protocols, and technologies.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111,microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, optical sensor164, optical sensor controller 158, contact/motion module 130, graphicsmodule 132, text input module 134, contacts module 137, and telephonemodule 138, video conference module 139 includes executable instructionsto initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a userand one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and textinput module 134, e-mail client module 140 includes executableinstructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response touser instructions. In conjunction with image management module 144,e-mail client module 140 makes it very easy to create and send e-mailswith still or video images taken with camera module 143.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and textinput module 134, the instant messaging module 141 includes executableinstructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to aninstant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit arespective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service(SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-basedinstant messages or using XIVIPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-basedinstant messages), to receive instant messages, and to view receivedinstant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or receivedinstant messages may include graphics, photos, audio files, video filesand/or other attachments as are supported in an MMS and/or an EnhancedMessaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers toboth telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) andInternet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, orIMPS).

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, textinput module 134, GPS module 135, map module 154, and music playermodule, workout support module 142 includes executable instructions tocreate workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burninggoals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receiveworkout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; selectand play music for a workout; and display, store, and transmit workoutdata.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, opticalsensor(s) 164, optical sensor controller 158, contact/motion module 130,graphics module 132, and image management module 144, camera module 143includes executable instructions to capture still images or video(including a video stream) and store them into memory 102, modifycharacteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image orvideo from memory 102.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156,contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134,and camera module 143, image management module 144 includes executableinstructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate,label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), andstore still and/or video images.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and textinput module 134, browser module 147 includes executable instructions tobrowse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, includingsearching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portionsthereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, textinput module 134, e-mail client module 140, and browser module 147,calendar module 148 includes executable instructions to create, display,modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g.,calendar entries, to-do lists, etc.) in accordance with userinstructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, textinput module 134, and browser module 147, widget modules 149 aremini-applications that may be downloaded and used by a user (e.g.,weather widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget 149-3,alarm clock widget 149-4, and dictionary widget 149-5) or created by theuser (e.g., user-created widget 149-6). In some embodiments, a widgetincludes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (CascadingStyle Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widgetincludes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file(e.g., Yahoo! Widgets).

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, textinput module 134, and browser module 147, the widget creator module 150may be used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specifiedportion of a web page into a widget).

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156,contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module134, search module 151 includes executable instructions to search fortext, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory 102 thatmatch one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specifiedsearch terms) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156,contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110,speaker 111, RF circuitry 108, and browser module 147, video and musicplayer module 152 includes executable instructions that allow the userto download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored inone or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executableinstructions to display, present, or otherwise play back videos (e.g.,on touch screen 112 or on an external, connected display via externalport 124). In some embodiments, device 100 optionally includes thefunctionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of AppleInc.).

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156,contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module134, notes module 153 includes executable instructions to create andmanage notes, to-do lists, and the like in accordance with userinstructions.

In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, displaycontroller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, textinput module 134, GPS module 135, and browser module 147, map module 154may be used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and dataassociated with maps (e.g., driving directions, data on stores and otherpoints of interest at or near a particular location, and otherlocation-based data) in accordance with user instructions.

In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156,contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110,speaker 111, RF circuitry 108, text input module 134, e-mail clientmodule 140, and browser module 147, online video module 155 includesinstructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., bystreaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or onan external, connected display via external port 124), send an e-mailwith a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage onlinevideos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments,instant messaging module 141, rather than e-mail client module 140, isused to send a link to a particular online video. Additional descriptionof the online video application can be found in U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 60/936,562, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, andGraphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Jun. 20,2007, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/968,067, “PortableMultifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for PlayingOnline Videos,” filed Dec. 31, 2007, the contents of which are herebyincorporated by reference in their entirety.

Each of the above-identified modules and applications corresponds to aset of executable instructions for performing one or more functionsdescribed above and the methods described in this application (e.g., thecomputer-implemented methods and other information processing methodsdescribed herein). These modules (e.g., sets of instructions) need notbe implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules,and thus various subsets of these modules may be combined or otherwiserearranged in various embodiments. For example, video player module maybe combined with music player module into a single module (e.g., videoand music player module 152, FIG. 1A). In some embodiments, memory 102may store a subset of the modules and data structures identified above.Furthermore, memory 102 may store additional modules and data structuresnot described above.

In some embodiments, device 100 is a device where operation of apredefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusivelythrough a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/ora touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device100, the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons,dials, and the like) on device 100 may be reduced.

The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through atouch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation betweenuser interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by theuser, navigates device 100 to a main, home, or root menu from any userinterface that is displayed on device 100. In such embodiments, a “menubutton” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, themenu button is a physical push button or other physical input controldevice instead of a touchpad.

FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for eventhandling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments,memory 102 (FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3) includes event sorter 170 (e.g., inoperating system 126) and a respective application 136-1 (e.g., any ofthe aforementioned applications 137-151, 155, 380-390).

Event sorter 170 receives event information and determines theapplication 136-1 and application view 191 of application 136-1 to whichto deliver the event information. Event sorter 170 includes eventmonitor 171 and event dispatcher module 174. In some embodiments,application 136-1 includes application internal state 192, whichindicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch-sensitivedisplay 112 when the application is active or executing. In someembodiments, device/global internal state 157 is used by event sorter170 to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, andapplication internal state 192 is used by event sorter 170 to determineapplication views 191 to which to deliver event information.

In some embodiments, application internal state 192 includes additionalinformation, such as one or more of: resume information to be used whenapplication 136-1 resumes execution, user interface state informationthat indicates information being displayed or that is ready for displayby application 136-1, a state queue for enabling the user to go back toa prior state or view of application 136-1, and a redo/undo queue ofprevious actions taken by the user.

Event monitor 171 receives event information from peripherals interface118. Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., auser touch on touch-sensitive display 112, as part of a multi-touchgesture). Peripherals interface 118 transmits information it receivesfrom I/O subsystem 106 or a sensor, such as proximity sensor 166,accelerometer(s) 168, and/or microphone 113 (through audio circuitry110). Information that peripherals interface 118 receives from I/Osubsystem 106 includes information from touch-sensitive display 112 or atouch-sensitive surface.

In some embodiments, event monitor 171 sends requests to the peripheralsinterface 118 at predetermined intervals. In response, peripheralsinterface 118 transmits event information. In other embodiments,peripherals interface 118 transmits event information only when there isa significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predeterminednoise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration).

In some embodiments, event sorter 170 also includes a hit viewdetermination module 172 and/or an active event recognizer determinationmodule 173.

Hit view determination module 172 provides software procedures fordetermining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more viewswhen touch-sensitive display 112 displays more than one view. Views aremade up of controls and other elements that a user can see on thedisplay.

Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is aset of views, sometimes herein called application views or userinterface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-basedgestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) inwhich a touch is detected may correspond to programmatic levels within aprogrammatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, thelowest level view in which a touch is detected may be called the hitview, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs may bedetermined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touchthat begins a touch-based gesture.

Hit view determination module 172 receives information related tosub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multipleviews organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module 172identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which shouldhandle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowestlevel view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (e.g., the firstsub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potentialevent). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determinationmodule 172, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related tothe same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hitview.

Active event recognizer determination module 173 determines which viewor views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence ofsub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determinationmodule 173 determines that only the hit view should receive a particularsequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizerdetermination module 173 determines that all views that include thephysical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, andtherefore determines that all actively involved views should receive aparticular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touchsub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with oneparticular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain asactively involved views.

Event dispatcher module 174 dispatches the event information to an eventrecognizer (e.g., event recognizer 180). In embodiments including activeevent recognizer determination module 173, event dispatcher module 174delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined byactive event recognizer determination module 173. In some embodiments,event dispatcher module 174 stores in an event queue the eventinformation, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver 182.

In some embodiments, operating system 126 includes event sorter 170.Alternatively, application 136-1 includes event sorter 170. In yet otherembodiments, event sorter 170 is a stand-alone module, or a part ofanother module stored in memory 102, such as contact/motion module 130.

In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes a plurality of eventhandlers 190 and one or more application views 191, each of whichincludes instructions for handling touch events that occur within arespective view of the application's user interface. Each applicationview 191 of the application 136-1 includes one or more event recognizers180. Typically, a respective application view 191 includes a pluralityof event recognizers 180. In other embodiments, one or more of eventrecognizers 180 are part of a separate module, such as a user interfacekit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application 136-1inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respectiveevent handler 190 includes one or more of: data updater 176, objectupdater 177, GUI updater 178, and/or event data 179 received from eventsorter 170. Event handler 190 may utilize or call data updater 176,object updater 177, or GUI updater 178 to update the applicationinternal state 192. Alternatively, one or more of the application views191 include one or more respective event handlers 190. Also, in someembodiments, one or more of data updater 176, object updater 177, andGUI updater 178 are included in a respective application view 191.

A respective event recognizer 180 receives event information (e.g.,event data 179) from event sorter 170 and identifies an event from theevent information. Event recognizer 180 includes event receiver 182 andevent comparator 184. In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 alsoincludes at least a subset of: metadata 183, and event deliveryinstructions 188 (which may include sub-event delivery instructions).

Event receiver 182 receives event information from event sorter 170. Theevent information includes information about a sub-event, for example, atouch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the eventinformation also includes additional information, such as location ofthe sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the eventinformation may also include speed and direction of the sub-event. Insome embodiments, events include rotation of the device from oneorientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscapeorientation, or vice versa), and the event information includescorresponding information about the current orientation (also calleddevice attitude) of the device.

Event comparator 184 compares the event information to predefined eventor sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines anevent or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event orsub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 includes eventdefinitions 186. Event definitions 186 contain definitions of events(e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event 1(187-1), event 2 (187-2), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events inan event (187) include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touchmovement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, thedefinition for event 1 (187-1) is a double tap on a displayed object.The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) onthe displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first liftoff (touchend) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on thedisplayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second liftoff (touchend) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition forevent 2 (187-2) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, forexample, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for apredetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitivedisplay 112, and liftoff of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments,the event also includes information for one or more associated eventhandlers 190.

In some embodiments, event definition 187 includes a definition of anevent for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, eventcomparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which user-interfaceobject is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an applicationview in which three user-interface objects are displayed ontouch-sensitive display 112, when a touch is detected on touch-sensitivedisplay 112, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine whichof the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch(sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respectiveevent handler 190, the event comparator uses the result of the hit testto determine which event handler 190 should be activated. For example,event comparator 184 selects an event handler associated with thesub-event and the object triggering the hit test.

In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event (187) alsoincludes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event informationuntil after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-eventsdoes or does not correspond to the event recognizer's event type.

When a respective event recognizer 180 determines that the series ofsub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions 186, therespective event recognizer 180 enters an event impossible, eventfailed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequentsub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other eventrecognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue totrack and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture.

In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 includes metadata183 with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate howthe event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to activelyinvolved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includesconfigurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how eventrecognizers may interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another.In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties,flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered tovarying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy.

In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 activates eventhandler 190 associated with an event when one or more particularsub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respectiveevent recognizer 180 delivers event information associated with theevent to event handler 190. Activating an event handler 190 is distinctfrom sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view.In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 throws a flag associated withthe recognized event, and event handler 190 associated with the flagcatches the flag and performs a predefined process.

In some embodiments, event delivery instructions 188 include sub-eventdelivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-eventwithout activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event deliveryinstructions deliver event information to event handlers associated withthe series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlersassociated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved viewsreceive the event information and perform a predetermined process.

In some embodiments, data updater 176 creates and updates data used inapplication 136-1. For example, data updater 176 updates the telephonenumber used in contacts module 137, or stores a video file used in videoplayer module. In some embodiments, object updater 177 creates andupdates objects used in application 136-1. For example, object updater177 creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of auser-interface object. GUI updater 178 updates the GUI. For example, GUIupdater 178 prepares display information and sends it to graphics module132 for display on a touch-sensitive display.

In some embodiments, event handler(s) 190 includes or has access to dataupdater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178. In someembodiments, data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178are included in a single module of a respective application 136-1 orapplication view 191. In other embodiments, they are included in two ormore software modules.

It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding eventhandling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies toother forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices 100 withinput devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. Forexample, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinatedwith single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movementssuch as taps, drags, scrolls, etc. on touchpads; pen stylus inputs;movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements;biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilizedas inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to berecognized.

FIG. 2 illustrates a portable multifunction device 100 having a touchscreen 112 in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screenoptionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI) 200.In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabledto select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on thegraphics, for example, with one or more fingers 202 (not drawn to scalein the figure) or one or more styluses 203 (not drawn to scale in thefigure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurswhen the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In someembodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one ormore swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward),and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upwardand/or downward) that has made contact with device 100. In someimplementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphicdoes not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweepsover an application icon optionally does not select the correspondingapplication when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap.

Device 100 may also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home”or menu button 204. As described previously, menu button 204 may be usedto navigate to any application 136 in a set of applications that may beexecuted on device 100. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menubutton is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen112.

In some embodiments, device 100 includes touch screen 112, menu button204, push button 206 for powering the device on/off and locking thedevice, volume adjustment button(s) 208, subscriber identity module(SIM) card slot 210, headset jack 212, and docking/charging externalport 124. Push button 206 is, optionally, used to turn the power on/offon the device by depressing the button and holding the button in thedepressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device bydepressing the button and releasing the button before the predefinedtime interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate anunlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device 100 also acceptsverbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions throughmicrophone 113. Device 100 also, optionally, includes one or morecontact intensity sensors 165 for detecting intensity of contacts ontouch screen 112 and/or one or more tactile output generators 167 forgenerating tactile outputs for a user of device 100.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with adisplay and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with someembodiments. Device 300 need not be portable. In some embodiments,device 300 is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer,a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device(such as a child's learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device(e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device 300 typically includesone or more processing units (CPUs) 310, one or more network or othercommunications interfaces 360, memory 370, and one or more communicationbuses 320 for interconnecting these components. Communication buses 320optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) thatinterconnects and controls communications between system components.Device 300 includes input/output (I/O) interface 330 comprising display340, which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface 330 alsooptionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device)350 and touchpad 355, tactile output generator 357 for generatingtactile outputs on device 300 (e.g., similar to tactile outputgenerator(s) 167 described above with reference to FIG. 1A), sensors 359(e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contactintensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s) 165 describedabove with reference to FIG. 1A). Memory 370 includes high-speed randomaccess memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solidstate memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, suchas one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storagedevices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storagedevices. Memory 370 optionally includes one or more storage devicesremotely located from CPU(s) 310. In some embodiments, memory 370 storesprograms, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs,modules, and data structures stored in memory 102 of portablemultifunction device 100 (FIG. 1A), or a subset thereof. Furthermore,memory 370 optionally stores additional programs, modules, and datastructures not present in memory 102 of portable multifunction device100. For example, memory 370 of device 300 optionally stores drawingmodule 380, presentation module 382, word processing module 384, websitecreation module 386, disk authoring module 388, and/or spreadsheetmodule 390, while memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100 (FIG.1A) optionally does not store these modules.

Each of the above-identified elements in FIG. 3 may be stored in one ormore of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of theabove-identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions forperforming a function described above. The above-identified modules orprograms (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented asseparate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus varioussubsets of these modules may be combined or otherwise rearranged invarious embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 370 may store a subsetof the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory370 may store additional modules and data structures not describedabove.

Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces thatmay be implemented on, for example, portable multifunction device 100.

FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu ofapplications on portable multifunction device 100 in accordance withsome embodiments. Similar user interfaces may be implemented on device300. In some embodiments, user interface 400 includes the followingelements, or a subset or superset thereof:

-   -   Signal strength indicator(s) 402 for wireless communication(s),        such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;    -   Time 404;    -   Bluetooth indicator 405;    -   Battery status indicator 406;    -   Tray 408 with icons for frequently used applications, such as:        -   Icon 416 for telephone module 138, labeled “Phone,” which            optionally includes an indicator 414 of the number of missed            calls or voicemail messages;        -   Icon 418 for e-mail client module 140, labeled “Mail,” which            optionally includes an indicator 410 of the number of unread            e-mails;        -   Icon 420 for browser module 147, labeled “Browser;” and        -   Icon 422 for video and music player module 152, also            referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module 152,            labeled “iPod;” and    -   Icons for other applications, such as:        -   Icon 424 for IM module 141, labeled “Messages;”        -   Icon 426 for calendar module 148, labeled “Calendar;”        -   Icon 428 for image management module 144, labeled “Photos;”        -   Icon 430 for camera module 143, labeled “Camera;”        -   Icon 432 for online video module 155, labeled “Online            Video;”        -   Icon 434 for stocks widget 149-2, labeled “Stocks;”        -   Icon 436 for map module 154, labeled “Maps;”        -   Icon 438 for weather widget 149-1, labeled “Weather;”        -   Icon 440 for alarm clock widget 149-4, labeled “Clock;”        -   Icon 442 for workout support module 142, labeled “Workout            Support;”        -   Icon 444 for notes module 153, labeled “Notes;” and        -   Icon 446 for a settings application or module, labeled            “Settings,” which provides access to settings for device 100            and its various applications 136.

It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in FIG. 4A aremerely exemplary. For example, icon 422 for video and music playermodule 152 may optionally be labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Otherlabels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In someembodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a nameof an application corresponding to the respective application icon. Insome embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinctfrom a name of an application corresponding to the particularapplication icon.

FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g.,device 300, FIG. 3) with a touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g., a tabletor touchpad 355, FIG. 3) that is separate from the display 450 (e.g.,touch screen display 112). Device 300 also, optionally, includes one ormore contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors 357) fordetecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface 451 and/orone or more tactile output generators 359 for generating tactile outputsfor a user of device 300.

Although some of the examples which follow will be given with referenceto inputs on touch screen display 112 (where the touch-sensitive surfaceand the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detectsinputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display,as shown in FIG. 4B. In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface(e.g., 451 in FIG. 4B) has a primary axis (e.g., 452 in FIG. 4B) thatcorresponds to a primary axis (e.g., 453 in FIG. 4B) on the display(e.g., 450). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detectscontacts (e.g., 460 and 462 in FIG. 4B) with the touch-sensitive surface451 at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display(e.g., in FIG. 4B, 460 corresponds to 468 and 462 corresponds to 470).In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts 460 and 462, and movementsthereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g.,451 in FIG. 4B) are used by the device to manipulate the user interfaceon the display (e.g., 450 in FIG. 4B) of the multifunction device whenthe touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should beunderstood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other userinterfaces described herein.

Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily withreference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures,finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in someembodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with inputfrom another input device (e.g., a mouse-based input or stylus input).For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click(e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor alongthe path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). Asanother example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouseclick while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture(e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detectthe contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneouslydetected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are,optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are,optionally, used simultaneously.

FIG. 5A illustrates exemplary personal electronic device 500. Device 500includes body 502. In some embodiments, device 500 can include some orall of the features described with respect to devices 100 and 300 (e.g.,FIGS. 1A-4B). In some embodiments, device 500 has touch-sensitivedisplay screen 504, hereafter touch screen 504. Alternatively, or inaddition to touch screen 504, device 500 has a display and atouch-sensitive surface. As with devices 100 and 300, in someembodiments, touch screen 504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) may haveone or more intensity sensors for detecting intensity of contacts (e.g.,touches) being applied. The one or more intensity sensors of touchscreen 504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) can provide output data thatrepresents the intensity of touches. The user interface of device 500can respond to touches based on their intensity, meaning that touches ofdifferent intensities can invoke different user interface operations ondevice 500.

Techniques for detecting and processing touch intensity may be found,for example, in related applications: International Patent ApplicationSerial No. PCT/US2013/040061, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to anApplication,” filed May 8, 2013, and International Patent ApplicationSerial No. PCT/US2013/069483, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical UserInterface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display OutputRelationships,” filed Nov. 11, 2013, each of which is herebyincorporated by reference in their entirety.

In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more input mechanisms 506 and508. Input mechanisms 506 and 508, if included, can be physical.Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatablemechanisms. In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more attachmentmechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms, if included, can permitattachment of device 500 with, for example, hats, eyewear, earrings,necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watch straps, chains, trousers,belts, shoes, purses, backpacks, and so forth. These attachmentmechanisms may permit device 500 to be worn by a user.

FIG. 5B depicts exemplary personal electronic device 500. In someembodiments, device 500 can include some or all of the componentsdescribed with respect to FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 3. Device 500 has bus 512that operatively couples I/O section 514 with one or more computerprocessors 516 and memory 518. I/O section 514 can be connected todisplay 504, which can have touch-sensitive component 522 and,optionally, touch-intensity sensitive component 524. In addition, I/Osection 514 can be connected with communication unit 530 for receivingapplication and operating system data, using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, nearfield communication (NFC), cellular, and/or other wireless communicationtechniques. Device 500 can include input mechanisms 506 and/or 508.Input mechanism 506 may be a rotatable input device or a depressible androtatable input device, for example. Input mechanism 508 may be abutton, in some examples.

Input mechanism 508 may be a microphone, in some examples. Personalelectronic device 500 can include various sensors, such as GPS sensor532, accelerometer 534, directional sensor 540 (e.g., compass),gyroscope 536, motion sensor 538, and/or a combination thereof, all ofwhich can be operatively connected to I/O section 514.

Memory 518 of personal electronic device 500 can be a non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium, for storing computer-executableinstructions, which, when executed by one or more computer processors516, for example, can cause the computer processors to perform thetechniques described above, including processes 700 and 1000 (FIGS. 7and 10A-10B). The computer-executable instructions can also be storedand/or transported within any non-transitory computer-readable storagemedium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system,apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system,processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch theinstructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or deviceand execute the instructions. For purposes of this document, a“non-transitory computer-readable storage medium” can be any medium thatcan tangibly contain or store computer-executable instructions for useby or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, ordevice. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can include,but is not limited to, magnetic, optical, and/or semiconductor storages.Examples of such storage include magnetic disks, optical discs based onCD, DVD, or Blu-ray technologies, as well as persistent solid-statememory such as flash, solid-state drives, and the like. Personalelectronic device 500 is not limited to the components and configurationof FIG. 5B, but can include other or additional components in multipleconfigurations.

As used here, the term “affordance” refers to a user-interactivegraphical user interface object that may be displayed on the displayscreen of devices 100, 300, and/or 500 (FIGS. 1, 3, and 5). For example,an image (e.g., icon), a button, and text (e.g., hyperlink) may eachconstitute an affordance.

As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input elementthat indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user isinteracting. In some implementations that include a cursor or otherlocation marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector” so that when aninput (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface(e.g., touchpad 355 in FIG. 3 or touch-sensitive surface 451 in FIG. 4B)while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., abutton, window, slider or other user interface element), the particularuser interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detectedinput. In some implementations that include a touch screen display(e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112 in FIG. 1A or touch screen 112in FIG. 4A) that enables direct interaction with user interface elementson the touch screen display, a detected contact on the touch screen actsas a “focus selector” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by thecontact) is detected on the touch screen display at a location of aparticular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, orother user interface element), the particular user interface element isadjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations,focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region ofthe user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor ormovement of a contact on a touch screen display (e.g., by using a tabkey or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); inthese implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance withmovement of focus between different regions of the user interface.Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, thefocus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on atouch screen display) that is controlled by the user so as tocommunicate the user's intended interaction with the user interface(e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interfacewith which the user is intending to interact). For example, the locationof a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact, or a selection box) overa respective button while a press input is detected on thetouch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicatethat the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposedto other user interface elements shown on a display of the device).

As used in the specification and claims, the term “characteristicintensity” of a contact refers to a characteristic of the contact basedon one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, thecharacteristic intensity is based on multiple intensity samples. Thecharacteristic intensity is, optionally, based on a predefined number ofintensity samples, or a set of intensity samples collected during apredetermined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10seconds) relative to a predefined event (e.g., after detecting thecontact, prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, before or afterdetecting a start of movement of the contact, prior to detecting an endof the contact, before or after detecting an increase in intensity ofthe contact, and/or before or after detecting a decrease in intensity ofthe contact). A characteristic intensity of a contact is, optionallybased on one or more of: a maximum value of the intensities of thecontact, a mean value of the intensities of the contact, an averagevalue of the intensities of the contact, a top 10 percentile value ofthe intensities of the contact, a value at the half maximum of theintensities of the contact, a value at the 90 percent maximum of theintensities of the contact, or the like. In some embodiments, theduration of the contact is used in determining the characteristicintensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is an average of theintensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, thecharacteristic intensity is compared to a set of one or more intensitythresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by auser. For example, the set of one or more intensity thresholds mayinclude a first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold. Inthis example, a contact with a characteristic intensity that does notexceed the first threshold results in a first operation, a contact witha characteristic intensity that exceeds the first intensity thresholdand does not exceed the second intensity threshold results in a secondoperation, and a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceedsthe second threshold results in a third operation. In some embodiments,a comparison between the characteristic intensity and one or morethresholds is used to determine whether or not to perform one or moreoperations (e.g., whether to perform a respective operation or forgoperforming the respective operation) rather than being used to determinewhether to perform a first operation or a second operation.

In some embodiments, a portion of a gesture is identified for purposesof determining a characteristic intensity. For example, atouch-sensitive surface may receive a continuous swipe contacttransitioning from a start location and reaching an end location, atwhich point the intensity of the contact increases. In this example, thecharacteristic intensity of the contact at the end location may be basedon only a portion of the continuous swipe contact, and not the entireswipe contact (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contact at the endlocation). In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm may be applied tothe intensities of the swipe contact prior to determining thecharacteristic intensity of the contact. For example, the smoothingalgorithm optionally includes one or more of: an unweightedsliding-average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, amedian filter smoothing algorithm, and/or an exponential smoothingalgorithm. In some circumstances, these smoothing algorithms eliminatenarrow spikes or dips in the intensities of the swipe contact forpurposes of determining a characteristic intensity.

The intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface may becharacterized relative to one or more intensity thresholds, such as acontact-detection intensity threshold, a light press intensitythreshold, a deep press intensity threshold, and/or one or more otherintensity thresholds. In some embodiments, the light press intensitythreshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will performoperations typically associated with clicking a button of a physicalmouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensitythreshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will performoperations that are different from operations typically associated withclicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In someembodiments, when a contact is detected with a characteristic intensitybelow the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above a nominalcontact-detection intensity threshold below which the contact is nolonger detected), the device will move a focus selector in accordancewith movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface withoutperforming an operation associated with the light press intensitythreshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally, unlessotherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent betweendifferent sets of user interface figures.

An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensitybelow the light press intensity threshold to an intensity between thelight press intensity threshold and the deep press intensity thresholdis sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase ofcharacteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the deeppress intensity threshold to an intensity above the deep press intensitythreshold is sometimes referred to as a “deep press” input. An increaseof characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below thecontact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity between thecontact-detection intensity threshold and the light press intensitythreshold is sometimes referred to as detecting the contact on thetouch-surface. A decrease of characteristic intensity of the contactfrom an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold to anintensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold is sometimesreferred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface.In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is zero.In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold isgreater than zero.

In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations areperformed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respectivepress input or in response to detecting the respective press inputperformed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), wherethe respective press input is detected based at least in part ondetecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality ofcontacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments,the respective operation is performed in response to detecting theincrease in intensity of the respective contact above the press-inputintensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective pressinput). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase inintensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensitythreshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact belowthe press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation isperformed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensityof the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “upstroke” of the respective press input).

In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoidaccidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines orselects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationshipto the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensitythreshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensitythreshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90%, or somereasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, insome embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity ofthe respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and asubsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresisintensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensitythreshold, and the respective operation is performed in response todetecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contactbelow the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of therespective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press inputis detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of thecontact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity thresholdto an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and,optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to anintensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respectiveoperation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g.,the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity ofthe contact, depending on the circumstances).

For ease of explanation, the descriptions of operations performed inresponse to a press input associated with a press-input intensitythreshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are,optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase inintensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, anincrease in intensity of a contact from an intensity below thehysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-inputintensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below thepress-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of thecontact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to thepress-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where anoperation is described as being performed in response to detecting adecrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensitythreshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response todetecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresisintensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-inputintensity threshold.

As used herein, an “installed application” refers to a softwareapplication that has been downloaded onto an electronic device (e.g.,devices 100, 300, and/or 500) and is ready to be launched (e.g., becomeopened) on the device. In some embodiments, a downloaded applicationbecomes an installed application by way of an installation program thatextracts program portions from a downloaded package and integrates theextracted portions with the operating system of the computer system.

Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces andassociated processes that may be implemented on an electronic device,such as portable multifunction device 100, device 300, or device 500.

FIGS. 6A-6I illustrate exemplary user interfaces and techniques fordisplaying content on a reduced-size user interface, in accordance withsome embodiments. The user interfaces in these figures are used toillustrate the processes described below, including the processes inFIG. 7.

FIG. 6A illustrates an exemplary electronic device 600 including adisplay 602 and rotatable input mechanism 604. In some embodiments,device 600 is portable multifunction device 100, device 300, or device500. In FIG. 6A, graphical interface 606 is displayed on display 602.Graphical user interface 606 represents a watch face that includes agraphical interface object 608 indicating the time and a representationof content 610. In some embodiments, content 610 is at least part ofdata representing a watch face complication. As used here, consistentwith its accepted meaning in the art, a complication refers to any watchor clock face feature other than those used to indicate the hours andminutes of a time (e.g., clock hands or hour/minute indications). In theembodiment depicted in FIG. 6A, content 610 includes date information,including the day of the week, month, day of the month, and year.

Although the following examples are described with reference to a watchface 602 of electronic device 600, it should be recognized, that thetechniques for displaying content described herein may be applied tovarious other graphical display interfaces and applications provided onan electronic device (e.g., in a graphical user interface of anapplication or a home screen for an operating system).

In some embodiments, device 600 receives content 610 from local memoryor an application running on device 600. In some embodiments, device 600receives content 610 from an application running on a remote device(e.g., an Internet server or a companion device connected to device 600via, for example, a short-range communication link such as near-fieldcommunication (NFC) or Bluetooth).

Content 610 is associated with a designated area 612 on graphicalinterface 602 indicated by the dashed outline. In some embodiments,designated area 612 is at least a portion of a “style window”. A “stylewindow” can correspond to a part of a watch face that is designated todisplay a complication. In some embodiments, a user can configure awatch face by determining which data (e.g., by selecting a watchapplication) is to be displayed in a particular style window.Optionally, the content 610 associated with an area is designated by auser, as described in exemplary embodiments later on. In FIG. 6A,content 610 is displayed in a format in which the day of the week(Saturday) and the month (November) are completely spelled out withoutabbreviation.

In some embodiments, content 610 is associated with a plurality ofavailable display formats. In some embodiments, the plurality ofavailable display formats is pre-defined and stored in the memory ofdevice 600. FIG. 6B illustrates an exemplary set 614 of availabledisplay formats 615-620 for content 610. As can be seen, set 614includes six available display formats that include various amounts ofcontent 610 with various amounts of abbreviation. For example, displayformat 619 indicates the month and day of the month, whereas displayformat 620 only indicated the day of the month. In some embodiments, theavailable display formats associated with content 610 is a defined set.

In some embodiments, device 600 determines the type of data (“datatype”) represented by content 610, determines a set of available displayformats based on the data type, and associates content 610 with thedetermined set. For example, device 600 optionally determines thatcontent 610 includes date information, determines a set of availabledisplay formats for date information (e.g., set 614 including datedisplay formats 615-620), and associates the set with content 610. Insome embodiments, a data type and/or set of available display formatsassociated with content 610 are pre-determined, pre-loaded, and simplyreceived from memory. Exemplary data types include, but are not limitedto, a point in time (e.g., a date, a time, or a date and time (a“date/time”)), a duration (e.g., a start date/time and an enddate/time), an offset (e.g., a countdown to a point in time expressedin, for example, years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds, orsome combination thereof), and a decimal number. Set 614 is an exemplaryset of available display formats for a point in time; FIG. 6C depicts anexemplary set of available display formats for a duration; FIG. 6Ddepicts an exemplary set of available display formats for an offset; andFIG. 6E depicts an exemplary set of available display formats for adecimal number.

Device 600 determines a particular display format from the set ofdisplay formats 615-620 to use for displaying content 610. In someembodiments, device 600 determines or selects the particular displayformat based at least in part on content 610 itself (e.g., theinformation represented by content 610) and/or the size of the area inwhich content 610 is to be displayed (e.g., designated area 612). Insome embodiments, aspects of content 610, including the data typerepresented by content 610 or the information represented by content 610(e.g., the specific date), are used to determine the particular displayformat. In some embodiments, device 600 either determines the size ofdesignated area 612 or receives the size from local or remote memory.Optionally, device 600 determines the size of designated area 612 basedon the physical dimensions of display 602. The size of designated area612 may be represented in terms of, for example, an absolute size (e.g.,2 cm), a number of pixels on display 602, or a fraction of a physicaldimension of display 602 (e.g., one half the width of display 602). Oncethe particular display format is determined, device 600 displays arepresentation of content 610 according to the determined displayformat.

In some embodiments, device 600 determines the display format with theleast amount of abbreviation that does not exceed the size of designatedarea 612. That is, device determines the largest display format thatwill completely fit in designated area 612. In this way, device 600 mayautomatically maximize the amount of content 610 that is displayed.

In some embodiments, display formats 615-620 correspond to display sizesof content 610 formatted according to the respective display format.That is, the display size of a particular display format is the amountof space occupied by content 610 when displayed according to theparticular display format.

In FIG. 6B, for example, the horizontal extents of display formats615-620 decrease from the top of the list to the bottom of the list. Itshould be recognized, however, that in some embodiments the size ismeasured in the vertical direction, horizontal direction, diagonaldirection, or some combination thereof.

It should also be recognized that the display size of a display formatcan depend on the information represented by content 610. Dateinformation of a point in time, for example, can include the specificdate. Accordingly, a single display format including the day of theweek, month, day of the month, and year can have different display sizesdepending on the actual date. For example, Saturday, Nov. 7, 2015 islarger than Friday, May 1, 2015.

In some embodiments, the display size of a display format can depend ona display style associated with content 610. Exemplary aspects of adisplay style for text include font (e.g., Times New Roman) and fontsize (e.g., 12 pt.). A display style can be associated directly withcontent 610 or with a display format (e.g., display formats 615-620)associated with content 610. Accordingly, a display format can havedifferent display sizes depending on the style associated with content610 or the display format in which it is displayed. For the purposes ofthis disclosure, display style includes aspects affecting aestheticappearance, but does not include the amount of abbreviation or structureof displayed content, which are considered aspects of the displayformat.

In some embodiments, device 600 may determine the display size for eachdisplay format 615-620 based on the information represented by content610 and a display style associated with content 610. Similar to the sizeof designated area 612, in some embodiments, device 600 determines thedisplay size of a display format based on the physical dimensions ofdisplay 602. A display size may be represented in terms of, for example,an absolute size (e.g., 2 cm), a number of pixels on display 602, or afraction of a physical dimension of display 602 (e.g., one half thewidth of display 602).

In some embodiments, determining the particular display format ofcontent 610 includes determining an optimized display format. As usedhere, the optimized display format is the display format of set 614having the largest display size that does not exceed the size of thedesignated area 612. The particular display format is then determined tobe the optimized display format such that the content is displayedaccording to the optimized display format.

FIG. 6F illustrates an exemplary graphical interface in which content610 is displayed according to an optimal display format. In FIG. 6F,device 600 displays graphical interface 630 representing a watch facethat includes graphical interface object 608 indicating the time, arepresentation 632 indicating the current weather in a designated area634, and a designated area 636 for content 610. Compared to designatedarea 612 in graphical interface 604 depicted in FIG. 6A, designated area636 is circular and has a smaller horizontal extent. Based on thecharacteristics of content 610 and the size of designated area 636,device 600 determines the optimal display format from set 614. Notably,display formats 615-618 are too big to fit in designated area 636.Display format 619, November 7, is the largest format that willcompletely fit. Display format 620, which only includes the day of themonth, 7, also completely fits in designated area 636 but does notmaximize the amount of information displayed (e.g., it does not includean indication of the month, November).

In some embodiments, the display format is determined based on theinformation represented by content 610. As noted above, the informationof date data, for example, can include the specific date, which canaffect the size of a display format.

FIGS. 6G-6H illustrate an example in which different dates result in useof different display formats. FIG. 6G depicts an exemplary graphicalinterface in which content 610 is displayed in designated area 638. Asshown, display format 617 (abbreviated day, abbreviated month, day ofthe month, and year) is the largest format that completely fits indesignated area 638. In FIG. 6G, content 610 includes the same amount ofinformation as content 610 (i.e., day of the week, month, day of themonth, and year) but because of the particular date, a different displayformat (e.g., display format 615, without any abbreviation) is used.

As noted above, a display style associated with the content can affectthe size of a display format. Accordingly, in some embodiments, thedisplay format is determined based at least in part on the display styleassociated with the content. For example, content associated with largerfont may result in use of a display format with more abbreviation (e.g.,Sat. instead of Saturday) or less content (e.g., “November 7” instead of“Nov. 7, 2015”).

In some embodiments, a plurality of available display formats forms ahierarchy ranked according to display size. Set 614 of available displayformats 615-620 for content 610, for example, forms a hierarch ranked indescending order from top to bottom according to display size. Thelargest display format 615 (e.g., most amount of information and leastamount of abbreviation) is at the top of the hierarchy, and the smallestdisplay format 620 (e.g., least amount of information and greatestamount of abbreviation) is at the bottom.

In some embodiments, only a portion of the display formats in set 614are available. Optionally, only the display formats at or above apredetermined lowest threshold level of the hierarchy are available. Inset 614, for example, the lowest threshold level sets a minimum amountof content included in the display format and/or the greatest amount ofabbreviation that is permitted. Optionally, only the display formats ator below a predetermined highest threshold level of the hierarchy areavailable. In set 614, for example, the highest threshold level sets amaximum amount of content included in the display format and/or theleast amount of abbreviation that is permitted. Optionally, only thedisplay formats at or between a predetermined highest threshold leveland a predetermined lowest threshold level of the hierarchy areavailable.

In some embodiments, the display format corresponding to a predeterminedhighest threshold level (e.g., maximum amount of content and/or leastamount of abbreviation) is selected even though a display format higherin the hierarchy (e.g., a longer format) fits in the designated area forthe content. In some embodiments, device 600 determines whether theoptimized display format (e.g., the largest format that fits in adesignated area) is above a predetermined highest allowable displayformat in the hierarchy (e.g., a predetermined highest threshold level).In accordance with a determination that the optimized display format isabove the highest allowable display format in the hierarchy, device 600determines the particular display format to be the highest allowabledisplay format.

In some embodiments, the display format corresponding to a predeterminedlowest threshold level (e.g., minimum amount of content and/or greatestamount of abbreviation) is selected even though it does not completelyfit in the designated area (e.g., a display format lower in thehierarchy fits is required for the content to fit in the designatedarea). In some embodiments, device 600 determines whether the optimizeddisplay format (e.g., the largest format that fits in the designatedarea) is below a predetermined lowest allowable display format in thehierarchy (e.g., a predetermined lowest threshold level). In accordancewith a determination that the optimized display format is below thelowest allowable display format in the hierarchy, device 600 determinesthe particular display format to be the lowest allowable display format.

Accordingly, in some embodiments, it is possible that the lowestallowable display format does not fit in the designated area. Onepotential option for dealing with this issue is to truncate the displayof content 610 to the size of the designated area. In some embodiments,device 600 determines whether the display size corresponding to thedetermined display format exceeds the size of the designated area. Inaccordance with a determination that the display size corresponding tothe selected display format exceeds the size of the designated area, thedisplayed representation of the content is truncated to the size of thedesignated area (e.g., the portion on the right side of the displayedformat that does not fit in the designated area is not displayed).

In some embodiments, the designated area is included as part of a layoutof a complication, which may include more than one area designated forthe display of content. For example, in some embodiments, a watch facecomplication includes a layout with one or more designated areas forcontent. Optionally, the complication includes at least two designatedareas, where the first designated areas is associated with first contentand the second designated area is associated with different content. Insome embodiments, the layout is defined by a “template”. “Templates” canbe defined for “style windows.” A style window can have one or moretemplates, with each template specifying data to be displayed in adifferent manner. Different data can also be displayed, or the samedata, but displayed in a different manner.

FIG. 6I illustrates an exemplary watch face 642 including complication644 associated generally with an upcoming event (e.g., a marathon orother running event). Complication 644 is located at complication area652 and has a layout with three distinct designated areas: area 646includes an image representative of the upcoming event, area 648includes a countdown until the event, and area 650 includes the date ofthe event. In some embodiments, the display format for the content inone or more of the designated areas is determined in accordance with thetechniques described above.

FIG. 7 is a flow diagram illustrating a method for displaying content ona reduced-size user interface using an electronic device in accordancewith some embodiments. Method 700 is performed at a device (e.g., 100,300, 500, 600) with a display. Some operations in method 700 may becombined, the order of some operations may be changed, and someoperations may be omitted.

As described below, method 700 provides an efficient way for displayingcontent on a reduced-size user interface. The method automaticallyadjusts the format of content in a designated area of a displayaccording to an established format, thereby creating a more efficientuser interface that provides information in a more consistent andcomprehensible manner. Accordingly, method 700 may reduce the cognitiveburden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machine interface.For battery-operated computing devices, the method may conserve powerand increase the time between battery charges.

At block 702, the device receives content (e.g., content 610) associatedwith a designated area (e.g., designated area 612) of the display, wherethe content is associated with a plurality of available display formats(e.g., display formats 615-620) stored in the memory. At block 704, thedevice determines a size of the designated area. At block 706, thedevice determines a first display format for the content from theplurality of available display formats based on at least the content andthe size of the designated area. At block 708, the device displays arepresentation of the content according to the first display format.

Note that details of the processes described below with respect tomethod 1000 (e.g., FIGS. 10A-10B) are also applicable in an analogousmanner to method 700. For example, method 700 may include one or more ofthe characteristics of the various methods described below withreference to method 10000.

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 8 shows an exemplaryfunctional block diagram of an electronic device 800 configured inaccordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. Inaccordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronicdevice 800 are configured to perform the techniques described above. Thefunctional blocks of the device 800 are, optionally, implemented byhardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carryout the principles of the various described examples. It is understoodby persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described inFIG. 8 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks toimplement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore,the description herein optionally supports any possible combination orseparation or further definition of the functional blocks describedherein.

As shown in FIG. 8, an electronic device 800 includes a memory unit 802,a display unit 804 configured to display a graphic user interface,optionally, a touch-sensitive surface unit 806 configured to receivecontacts, and a processing unit 808 coupled to the memory unit 802,display unit 804, and, optionally, the touch-sensitive surface unit 806.In some embodiments, the processing unit 808 includes a receiving unit810, a determining unit 812, and a display enabling unit 814.

The processing unit 808 is configured to receive (e.g., with receivingunit 810) content associated with a designated area of the display,where the content is associated with a plurality of available displayformats stored in memory unit 802. Processing unit 808 is furtherconfigured to determine (e.g., with determining unit 812) a size of thedesignated area, determine (e.g., with determining unit 812) a firstdisplay format for the content from the plurality of available displayformats based on at least the content and the size of the designatedarea, and enable (e.g., with display enabling unit 814) display of arepresentation of the content according to the first display format.

In some embodiments, the content is associated with a display style anddetermining the first display format is further based on the displaystyle associated with the content. In some embodiments, the displaystyle includes a font associated with the content.

In some embodiments, each display format of the plurality of availabledisplay formats corresponds to a display size of the content formattedaccording to the respective display format and determining the firstdisplay format of the content from the plurality of available displayformats comprises: determining (e.g., with determining unit 812) anoptimized display format, where the optimized display format isdetermined to be the display format of the plurality of availabledisplay formats that corresponds to the largest display size of thedisplay sizes corresponding to the plurality of available displayformats that does not exceed the size of the designated area; anddetermining (e.g., with determining unit 812) the first display formatto be the optimized display format.

In some embodiments, the plurality of available display formats forms ahierarchy ranked according to the display sizes corresponding to thedisplay formats of the plurality of available display formats anddetermining the first display format of the content from the pluralityof available display formats further comprises: determining (e.g., withdetermining unit 812) whether the optimized display format is below apredetermined lowest allowable display format in the hierarchy; and inaccordance with a determination that the optimized display format isbelow the lowest allowable display format in the hierarchy, determining(e.g., with determining unit 812) the first display format to be thelowest allowable display format.

In some embodiments, determining the first display format of the contentfrom the plurality of available display formats further comprises:determining (e.g., with determining unit 812) whether the optimizeddisplay format is above a predetermined highest allowable display formatin the hierarchy; and in accordance with a determination that theoptimized display format is above the highest allowable display formatin the hierarchy, determining (e.g., with determining unit 812) thefirst display format to be the lowest allowable display format.

In some embodiments, the processing unit 808 is further configured todetermine (e.g., with determining unit 812) whether the display sizecorresponding to the first display format exceeds the size of thedesignated area and, in accordance with a determination that the displaysize corresponding to the first display format exceeds the size of thedesignated area, truncate (e.g., with display enabling unit 814) therepresentation of the content to the size of the designated area.

In some embodiments, the plurality of available display formatsassociated with the content is a defined set. In some embodiments, thecontent represents a point in time, a duration, an offset, or a decimalnumber.

In some embodiments, the content is at least part of data representing awatch face complication. In some embodiments, the complication includesa layout with one or more designated areas including the designated areaassociated with the content. In some embodiments, the data representingthe complication includes second content associated with a seconddesignated area of the one or more designated areas, where the seconddesignated area is distinct from the designated area associated with thecontent.

The operations described above with reference to FIG. 7 are, optionally,implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B or FIG. 8. Forexample, receiving operation 702, determining operations 704 and 706,and displaying operation 708 may be implemented by event sorter 170,event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in eventsorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and eventdispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 comparesthe event information to respective event definitions 186, anddetermines whether a first contact at a first location on thetouch-sensitive surface corresponds to a predefined event or sub event,such as activation of an affordance on a user interface. When arespective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of theevent or sub-event. Event handler 190 may utilize or call data updater176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192.In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it wouldbe clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how otherprocesses can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS.1A-1B.

FIGS. 9A-9G illustrate exemplary techniques for displaying acomplication provided by an application. FIG. 9A depicts electronicdevice 900 with display 902 and rotatable input mechanism 904. Userinterface 906 representing a clock face is displayed on display 902. Theface includes an indication of the current time 908 and threecomplications: weather complication 910 displaying weather information,battery life complication 912 displaying the amount of battery liferemaining for electronic device 900, and complication 914 displayingdate information. Each complication is associated with an area of thedisplay, referred to as a complication area.

In some embodiments, device 900 receives data representing one or moreapplications. The received data may include data representing one ormore complications associated with the applications. The applicationscan include applications developed and/or made available by a partyother than the manufacturer of device 900 (e.g., a third party).Exemplary applications include applications that provide informationfrom Twitter, Facebook, or a sports information source (e.g., MLB.com orYahoo Sports). In some embodiments, the data representing theapplication is received from an Internet server or a companion deviceconnected to device 900 via, for example, a short-range communicationlink such as NFC or Bluetooth. In some embodiments, the datarepresenting the application, including complications associated withthe application, are received when a companion application is downloadedon a companion device in accordance with various techniques.

In response to receiving the data representing the application, device900 can load the application into local memory and, optionally, storedata representing one or more complications associated with theapplications.

As indicated in FIG. 9A, device 900 receives an input. Specifically,device 900 receives a contact on the display caused by user touch 916.Although a touch input is shown in the illustrated embodiment, it shouldbe recognized that various other methods or types of input may bepossible. In some embodiments, electronic device 900 is configured todetect intensity of contacts and receiving the user input includesdetecting a contact on the display 902, where the contact has acharacteristic intensity.

In response to receiving input 916, device 900 enters a clock face editmode. For embodiments in which device 900 is configured to detectintensity of contacts, device 900 optionally determines whether thecharacteristic intensity of the contact is above an intensity thresholdand, in accordance with a determination that the characteristicintensity is above the intensity threshold, enters the clock face editmode.

In some embodiments, device 900 indicates that it is operating in theclock face edit mode by visually distinguishing the clock face oreditable elements of the clock face. FIG. 9B depicts an example of userinterface screen 902 when device 900 is in clock face edit mode. In FIG.9B, device 900 visually distinguishes that the complications 910, 912,and 914 are editable with a dashed outline around their correspondingcomplication areas 911, 913, and 915, respectively. Other techniquesthat indicate device 900 is in clock face edit mode include, forexample, reducing the size of the displayed clock face, highlighting theclock face or an editable element (e.g., a complication), and changing acolor of the clock face or an editable element.

As shown in FIG. 9B, while in the clock face edit mode, device 900receives another input touch 918 corresponding to selection ofcomplication area 915 at which complication 914 is displayed. In someembodiments, device 900 visually indicates a currently selectablecomplication area (e.g., by highlighting one of the complication areas)and provides functionality for a user to scroll to a differentcomplication area by rotating the rotatable input mechanism 904.Optionally, the currently selectable complication area is selected bypressing rotatable input mechanism 904.

In response to receiving the input touch 918 corresponding to selectionof complication area 915, device 900 displays one or morerepresentations of at least one of the one or more complicationsassociated with the loaded applications. Optionally, device 900 displaysonly representations of complications that are available for theselected complication area based on, for example, the type ofcomplication, size of the complication, or other factors.

In FIG. 9C, device 900 displays representations 920, 921, and 922 ofthird party complications (e.g., complications associated with thirdparty applications) that provide content (e.g., complication data) fromTwitter, Facebook, and a sports information source, respectively. Thelist of complications available for the selected complication area maybe obtained from the respective applications and displayed on device900. Device 900 also displays representation 923 representing the datecomplication illustrated in FIGS. 9A-9B. Optionally, representations offirst party complications associated with applications provided by themanufacturer of device 900 are also displayed.

In FIG. 9C, device 900 receives an input, touch input 924, correspondingto selection of representation 922 of the sports complication. Inresponse, device 900 associates the sports complication with theselected complication area of the clock face 915.

After representation 922 is selected, device 900 displays thecorresponding complication at the selected complication area 915. Insome embodiments, device 900 exits the clock face edit mode in responseto selection of the representation of the complication. In otherembodiments, in response to selection of the representation of thecomplication, device 900 removes the display of the representationswhile remaining in the clock face edit mode, and then exits the clockface edit mode in response to further input (e.g., selection of a “Done”affordance, a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds athreshold intensity, or a press of the rotatable input mechanism 904).

FIG. 9D depicts a user interface 928 including content associated withthe sports complication 926. Sports complication 926 includes content,at least a portion of which is displayed on device 900. The contentassociated with sports complication 926 in the illustrated exampleincludes information of a baseball game.

In some embodiments, the content is received from a corresponding sportsapplication loaded on device 900. In some embodiments, the sportsapplication receives content from an Internet source (e.g., MLB.com)and/or the local device. In some embodiments, a companion applicationexecutes on a companion device, retrieves data from a server, andprovides the data to device 900 for displaying a complication inaccordance with various techniques. In some embodiments, device 900requests an update to complication data from the companion application.In some embodiments, the companion application provides an update tocomplication data to device 900.

In some embodiments, device 900 determines a display format for thecontent included in the complication and displays, in the correspondingcomplication area, a representation of the content formatted accordingto the display format. It should be recognized that the display formatcan be determined at various times and is not necessarily determinedupon or after selection of a complication. For example, in someembodiments, various display formats for a complication arepre-determined for complication areas of different sizes and layouts.

Returning to FIG. 9D, user interface 928 depicts a clock face includingcontent associated with the sports complication 926 displayed in a firstformat. In FIG. 9D, the display format for the content of complication926 includes the names of the teams, score, count on the batter, theinning, and number of outs.

In some embodiments, a display format for at least a portion of thecontent in a third party complication is determined in accordance withthe techniques and methods described above with reference to FIGS.6A-6I, and 7. In some embodiments, the content of the third partycomplication includes a point in time, a duration, an offset, and/or adecimal number, and device 900 determines a particular display format(e.g., an optimized display format) from a plurality of availabledisplay formats based on the data type, the information represented bythe content, a display style, the size of the designated area for thecontent, or any combination thereof.

In some embodiments, different display formats are used for differentcomplication areas. Optionally, the display format of the content isdetermined based at least in part on the size of the complication area.FIG. 9E depicts an example in which sports complication 926 is selectedto be displayed at complication area 911. Compared to complication area915, in complication area 911 sports complication 926 is displayed in amore compact format in which the team names are abbreviated with asingle letter, the count on the batter is not included, and the inningindicator is reduced in size. In some embodiments, the display format isdetermined based on the information or data type of the complication.For example, a different display format may be used to indicate thescore of a football game or status of a tennis match. Other examplesinclude abbreviating the name of a team with a long name (e.g.,abbreviating Diamondbacks to Dbacks as shown in FIG. 9F) or rearranginginformation and not including the count on the batter to accommodate alonger team name (as shown in FIG. 9G).

FIGS. 10A-10B depict a flow diagram illustrating a method for displayinga complication using an electronic device in accordance with someembodiments. Method 1000 is performed at a device (e.g., 100, 300, 500,900) with a display. Some operations in method 1000 may be combined, theorder of some operations may be changed, and some operations may beomitted.

As described below, method 1000 provides an efficient way for displayingcomplication content on a reduced-size user interface. The methodautomatically adjusts the format in which content is displayed based onthe available space, thereby creating a more efficient user interface.For third party complications, method 1000 may display content in a morecomprehensible format for complications that have not been specificallydesigned for a particular display area. Method 100 may also provide amore consistent visual appearance between complications from differentsources, making it easier for a user to process the displayedinformation from each source. Accordingly, method 1000 may reduce thecognitive burden on a user and produce a more efficient human-machineinterface. For battery-operated computing devices, the method mayconserve power and increase the time between battery charges.

At block 1002, the device receives data representing an application.

At block 1004, in response to receiving the data representing theapplication, the device loads the application into memory and storesdata representing one or more complications (e.g., complication 926)associated with the application.

At block 1006, the device displays a first user interface screen (e.g.,user interface 906) including a clock face, where the clock faceincludes one or more complication areas (e.g., complication areas 911,913, 915).

At block 1008, the device receives a first user input (e.g., touch 916).

At block 1010, in response to receiving the first user input, the deviceenters a clock face edit mode (e.g., FIG. 9B).

At block 1012, while in the clock face edit mode, the device receives asecond user input (e.g., touch 918) corresponding to selection of afirst complication area (e.g., complication area 915) of the one or morecomplication areas.

At block 1014, in response to receiving the second user inputcorresponding to selection of the first complication area, the devicedisplays one or more representations of at least one of the one or morecomplications associated with the application (e.g., representations920-922).

At block 1016, the device determines a first display format for thecontent associated with a first complication (e.g., complication 926).

At block 1018, the device receives a third user input (e.g., touch 924)corresponding to selection of a representation of the first complication(e.g., representation 922).

At block 1020, in response to receiving the third user input, the deviceassociates the first complication with the first complication area ofthe clock face.

At block 1022, while in the clock face edit mode, the device receives afourth user input (e.g., touch 924).

At block 1024, in response to receiving the fourth user input, thedevice exits the clock face edit mode and displays a second userinterface screen (e.g., user interface 928) including the clock face,where the clock face on the second user interface screen includes thefirst complication in the first complication area and the firstcomplication includes a representation of the content formattedaccording to the first display format (e.g., FIG. 9D).

Note that details of the processes described above with respect tomethod 700 (e.g., FIG. 7) are also applicable in an analogous manner tomethod 1000. For example, method 1000 may include one or more of thecharacteristics of the various methods described above with reference tomethod 700. For example, the device may determine a display format forcontent of the complication from a plurality of available displayformats based on at least the content and the size of the areadesignated for the content, as described with reference to block 706.For brevity, these details are not repeated below.

In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 11 shows an exemplaryfunctional block diagram of an electronic device 1100 configured inaccordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. Inaccordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronicdevice 1100 are configured to perform the techniques described above.The functional blocks of the device 1100 are, optionally, implemented byhardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carryout the principles of the various described examples. It is understoodby persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described inFIG. 11 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks toimplement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore,the description herein optionally supports any possible combination orseparation or further definition of the functional blocks describedherein.

As shown in FIG. 11, an electronic device 1100 includes a memory unit1102, a display unit 1104 configured to display a graphic userinterface, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface unit 1106 configured toreceive contacts, and a processing unit 1108 coupled to the memory unit1102, display unit 1104 and, optionally, the touch-sensitive surfaceunit 1106. In some embodiments, the processing unit 1108 includes areceiving unit 1110, a loading unit 1112, a display enabling unit 1114,and a determining unit 1116.

The processing unit 1108 is configured to receive (e.g., with receivingunit 1110) data representing an application and, in response toreceiving the data representing the application, load (e.g., withloading unit 1112) the application into the memory unit 1102, whereloading the application into memory unit 1102 includes storing datarepresenting one or more complications associated with the application.Processing unit 1108 is further configured to enable (e.g., with displayenabling unit 1114) display of a first user interface screen including aclock face, where the clock face includes one or more complicationareas, receive (e.g., with receiving unit 1110) a first user input, and,in response to receiving the first user input, enter a clock face editmode of the electronic device. Processing unit 1108 is furtherconfigured to, while in the clock face edit mode, receive (e.g., withreceiving unit 1110) a second user input corresponding to selection of afirst complication area of the one or more complication areas and, inresponse to receiving the second user input corresponding to selectionof the first complication area, enable (e.g., with display enabling unit1114) display of one or more representations of at least one of the oneor more complications associated with the application, where the one ormore representations includes a first representation of a firstcomplication from the at least one of the one or more complicationsassociated with the application and the first complication includescontent associated with the first complication. Processing unit 1108 isfurther configured to determine (e.g., with determining unit 1116) afirst display format for the content associated with the firstcomplication, receive (e.g., with receiving unit 1110) a third userinput corresponding to selection of the first representation of thefirst complication, and, in response to receiving the third user input,associate the first complication with the first complication area of theclock face. Processing unit 1108 is further configured to, while in theclock face edit mode, receive (e.g., with receiving unit 1110) a fourthuser input and, in response to receiving the fourth user input: exit theclock face edit mode; and enable (e.g., with display enabling unit 1114)display of a second user interface screen including the clock face,where the clock face on the second user interface screen includes thefirst complication in the first complication area and the firstcomplication includes a representation of the content formattedaccording to the first display format.

In some embodiments, the first complication includes a layout with oneor more designated areas, where the content associated with the firstcomplication is associated with a first designated area of the one ormore designated areas and determining the first display format for thecontent includes: determining (e.g., with determining unit 1116) a sizeof the first designated area; and determining (e.g., with determiningunit 1116) the first display format from a plurality of availabledisplay formats based on at least the content and the size of the firstdesignated area.

In some embodiments, the content is associated with a display style andselecting the first display format is further based on the display styleassociated with the content. Optionally, the display style includes afont associated with the content.

In some embodiments, each display format of the plurality of availabledisplay formats corresponds to a display size of the informationformatted according to the respective display format and determining thefirst display format further includes: determining (e.g., withdetermining unit 1116) an optimized display format, where the optimizeddisplay format is determined to be the display format of the pluralityof available display formats that corresponds to the largest displaysize of the display sizes corresponding to the plurality of availabledisplay formats that does not exceed the size of the first designatedarea; and determining (e.g., with determining unit 1116) the firstdisplay format to be the optimized display format.

In some embodiments, the plurality of available display formats forms ahierarchy ranked according to the display sizes corresponding to thedisplay formats of the plurality of available display formats anddetermining the first display format further includes: determining(e.g., with determining unit 1116) whether the optimized display formatis below a predetermined lowest allowable display format in thehierarchy; and in accordance with a determination that the optimizeddisplay format is below the lowest allowable display format in thehierarchy, determining (e.g., with determining unit 1116) the firstdisplay format to be the lowest allowable display format.

In some embodiments, determining the first display format of the contentfrom the plurality of available display formats further comprises:determining (e.g., with determining unit 1116) whether the optimizeddisplay format is above a predetermined highest allowable display formatin the hierarchy; and in accordance with a determination that theoptimized display format is above the highest allowable display formatin the hierarchy, determining (e.g., with determining unit 1116) thefirst display format to be the lowest allowable display format.

In some embodiments, processing unit 1108 is further configured to:determine (e.g., with determining unit 1116) whether the display sizecorresponding to the first display format exceeds the size of the firstdesignated area; and in accordance with a determination that the displaysize corresponding to the first display format exceeds the size of thefirst designated area, truncate the representation of the information tothe size of the first designated area.

In some embodiments, the plurality of available display formats is adefined set that is based on the content of the information. In someembodiments, the content of the information represents a point in time,a duration, an offset, or a decimal number.

The operations described above with reference to FIGS. 10A-10B are,optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B or FIG.11. For example, receiving operations 1002, 1008, 1012, 1018, and 1022,loading and storing operation 1004, displaying operations 1006 and 1014,entering operation 1010, determining operations 1016, associatingoperation 1020, and exiting and displaying operation 1024 may beimplemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact ontouch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 deliversthe event information to application 136-1. A respective eventrecognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information torespective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contactat a first location on the touch-sensitive surface corresponds to apredefined event or sub event, such as activation of an affordance on auser interface. When a respective predefined event or sub-event isdetected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associatedwith the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 mayutilize or call data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update theapplication internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by theapplication. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinaryskill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on thecomponents depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has beendescribed with reference to specific embodiments. However, theillustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or tolimit the disclosure to the precise forms disclosed. Many modificationsand variations are possible in view of the above teachings. Theembodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain theprinciples of the techniques and their practical applications. Othersskilled in the art are thereby enabled to best utilize the techniquesand various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to theparticular use contemplated.

Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described withreference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that variouschanges and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in theart. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as beingincluded within the scope of the disclosure and examples as defined bythe claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. An electronic device, comprising: a display; oneor more processors; a memory; and one or more programs, wherein the oneor more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executedby the one or more processors, the one or more programs includinginstructions for: receiving content; determining a size of a firstdesignated area of the display; determining, for the content, a firstdisplay format from a plurality of available display formats based on atleast the content and the size of the first designated area, wherein thefirst display format corresponds to a first amount of abbreviation;abbreviating, according to the first display format, a first portion ofthe content to produce a first representation of the content; displayingthe first representation; determining a size of a second designated areaof the display different from the first designated area; determining,for the content, a second display format for the content from theplurality of available display formats based on at least the content andthe size of the second designated area, wherein the second displayformat is different from the first display format and corresponds to asecond amount of abbreviation different from the first amount ofabbreviation; abbreviating, according to the second display format, asecond portion of the content to produce a second representation of thecontent; and displaying the second representation.
 2. The device ofclaim 1, wherein the content is associated with a display style, andwherein determining the first display format is further based on thedisplay style associated with the content.
 3. The device of claim 2,wherein the display style includes a font associated with the content.4. The device of claim 1, wherein each display format of the pluralityof available display formats corresponds to a display size of thecontent formatted according to the respective display format, andwherein determining the first display format of the content from theplurality of available display formats comprises: determining anoptimized display format, wherein the optimized display format isdetermined to be the display format of the plurality of availabledisplay formats that corresponds to the largest display size of thedisplay sizes corresponding to the plurality of available displayformats that does not exceed the size of the designated area; anddetermining the first display format to be the optimized display format.5. The device of claim 4, wherein the plurality of available displayformats forms a hierarchy ranked according to the display sizescorresponding to the display formats of the plurality of availabledisplay formats, and wherein determining the first display format of thecontent from the plurality of available display formats furthercomprises: determining whether the optimized display format is below apredetermined lowest allowable display format in the hierarchy; and inaccordance with a determination that the optimized display format isbelow the lowest allowable display format in the hierarchy, determiningthe first display format to be the lowest allowable display format. 6.The device of claim 5, wherein determining the first display format ofthe content from the plurality of available display formats furthercomprises: determining whether the optimized display format is above apredetermined highest allowable display format in the hierarchy; and inaccordance with a determination that the optimized display format isabove the highest allowable display format in the hierarchy, determiningthe first display format to be the highest allowable display format. 7.The device of claim 5, the one or more programs further includinginstructions for: determining whether the display size corresponding tothe first display format exceeds the size of the designated area; and inaccordance with a determination that the display size corresponding tothe first display format exceeds the size of the designated area,truncating the representation of the content to the size of thedesignated area.
 8. The device of claim 1, wherein the plurality ofavailable display formats associated with the content is a defined set.9. The device of claim 1, wherein the content represents a point intime, a duration, an offset, or a decimal number.
 10. The device ofclaim 1, wherein the content is at least part of data representing awatch face complication.
 11. The device of claim 10, wherein thecomplication includes a layout with one or more designated areasincluding the designated area associated with the content.
 12. Thedevice of claim 11, wherein the data representing the complicationincludes second content associated with a second designated area of theone or more designated areas, wherein the second designated area isdistinct from the designated area associated with the content.
 13. Theelectronic device of claim 1, wherein the first portion describes aproperty of the content, and wherein the second portion describes theproperty of the content.
 14. The electronic device of claim 13, whereinthe property is a day or a month.
 15. A method, comprising: at anelectronic device with one or more processors, memory, and a display:receiving content; determining a size of a first designated area of thedisplay; determining, for the content, a first display format from aplurality of available display formats based on at least the content andthe size of the first designated area, wherein the first display formatcorresponds to a first amount of abbreviation; abbreviating, accordingto the first display format, a first portion of the content to produce afirst representation of the content; displaying the firstrepresentation; determining a size of a second designated area of thedisplay different from the first designated area; determining, for thecontent, a second display format for the content from the plurality ofavailable display formats based on at least the content and the size ofthe second designated area, wherein the second display format isdifferent from the first display format and corresponds to a secondamount of abbreviation different from the first amount of abbreviation;abbreviating, according to the second display format, a second portionof the content to produce a second representation of the content; anddisplaying the second representation.
 16. The method of claim 15,wherein the content is associated with a display style, and whereindetermining the first display format is further based on the displaystyle associated with the content.
 17. The method of claim 16, whereinthe display style includes a font associated with the content.
 18. Themethod of claim 15, wherein each display format of the plurality ofavailable display formats corresponds to a display size of the contentformatted according to the respective display format, and whereindetermining the first display format of the content from the pluralityof available display formats comprises: determining an optimized displayformat, wherein the optimized display format is determined to be thedisplay format of the plurality of available display formats thatcorresponds to the largest display size of the display sizescorresponding to the plurality of available display formats that doesnot exceed the size of the designated area; and determining the firstdisplay format to be the optimized display format.
 19. The method ofclaim 18, wherein the plurality of available display formats forms ahierarchy ranked according to the display sizes corresponding to thedisplay formats of the plurality of available display formats, andwherein determining the first display format of the content from theplurality of available display formats further comprises: determiningwhether the optimized display format is below a predetermined lowestallowable display format in the hierarchy; and in accordance with adetermination that the optimized display format is below the lowestallowable display format in the hierarchy, determining the first displayformat to be the lowest allowable display format.
 20. The method ofclaim 19, wherein determining the first display format of the contentfrom the plurality of available display formats further comprises:determining whether the optimized display format is above apredetermined highest allowable display format in the hierarchy; and inaccordance with a determination that the optimized display format isabove the highest allowable display format in the hierarchy, determiningthe first display format to be the highest allowable display format. 21.The method of claim 19, further comprising: determining whether thedisplay size corresponding to the first display format exceeds the sizeof the designated area; and in accordance with a determination that thedisplay size corresponding to the first display format exceeds the sizeof the designated area, truncating the representation of the content tothe size of the designated area.
 22. The method of claim 15, wherein theplurality of available display formats associated with the content is adefined set.
 23. The method of claim 15, wherein the content representsa point in time, a duration, an offset, or a decimal number.
 24. Themethod of claim 15, wherein the content is at least part of datarepresenting a watch face complication.
 25. The method of claim 24,wherein the complication includes a layout with one or more designatedareas including the designated area associated with the content.
 26. Themethod of claim 25, wherein the data representing the complicationincludes second content associated with a second designated area of theone or more designated areas, wherein the second designated area isdistinct from the designated area associated with the content.
 27. Themethod of claim 15, wherein the first portion describes a property ofthe content, and wherein the second portion describes the property ofthe content.
 28. The method of claim 27, wherein the property is a dayor a month.
 29. A non-transitory computer-readable storage mediumstoring one or more programs, the one or more programs comprisinginstructions, which when executed by one or more processors of anelectronic device with a display and memory, cause the electronic deviceto: receive content; determine a size of a first designated area of thedisplay; determine, for the content, a first display format from aplurality of available display formats based on at least the content andthe size of the first designated area, wherein the first display formatcorresponds to a first amount of abbreviation; abbreviate, according tothe first display format, a first portion of the content to produce afirst representation of the content; display the first representation;determine a size of a second designated area of the display differentfrom the first designated area; determine, for the content, a seconddisplay format for the content from the plurality of available displayformats based on at least the content and the size of the seconddesignated area, wherein the second display format is different from thefirst display format and corresponds to a second amount of abbreviationdifferent from the first amount of abbreviation; abbreviate, accordingto the second display format, a second portion of the content to producea second representation of the content; and display the secondrepresentation.
 30. The non-transitory computer-readable storage mediumof claim 29, wherein the content is associated with a display style, andwherein the instructions further cause the device to determine the firstdisplay format is further based on the display style associated with thecontent.
 31. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 30, wherein the display style includes a font associated with thecontent.
 32. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 29, wherein each display format of the plurality of availabledisplay formats corresponds to a display size of the content formattedaccording to the respective display format, and wherein the instructionsfurther cause the device to determine the first display format of thecontent from the plurality of available display formats, and wherein theinstructions further cause the device to: determine an optimized displayformat, wherein the optimized display format is determined to be thedisplay format of the plurality of available display formats thatcorresponds to the largest display size of the display sizescorresponding to the plurality of available display formats that doesnot exceed the size of the designated area; and determine the firstdisplay format to be the optimized display format.
 33. Thenon-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 32, wherein theplurality of available display formats forms a hierarchy rankedaccording to the display sizes corresponding to the display formats ofthe plurality of available display formats, and wherein the instructionsfurther cause the device to determine the first display format of thecontent from the plurality of available display formats, and wherein theinstructions further cause the device to: determine whether theoptimized display format is below a predetermined lowest allowabledisplay format in the hierarchy; and in accordance with a determinationthat the optimized display format is below the lowest allowable displayformat in the hierarchy, determine the first display format to be thelowest allowable display format.
 34. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 33, wherein the instructionsfurther cause the device to determine the first display format of thecontent from the plurality of available display formats, and wherein theinstructions further cause the device to: determine whether theoptimized display format is above a predetermined highest allowabledisplay format in the hierarchy; and in accordance with a determinationthat the optimized display format is above the highest allowable displayformat in the hierarchy, determine the first display format to be thehighest allowable display format.
 35. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 33, wherein the instructionsfurther cause the device to: determine whether the display sizecorresponding to the first display format exceeds the size of thedesignated area; and in accordance with a determination that the displaysize corresponding to the first display format exceeds the size of thedesignated area, truncate the representation of the content to the sizeof the designated area.
 36. The non-transitory computer-readable storagemedium of claim 29, wherein the plurality of available display formatsassociated with the content is a defined set.
 37. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 29, wherein the contentrepresents a point in time, a duration, an offset, or a decimal number.38. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium of claim 29,wherein the content is at least part of data representing a watch facecomplication.
 39. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 38, wherein the complication includes a layout with one or moredesignated areas including the designated area associated with thecontent.
 40. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium ofclaim 39, wherein the data representing the complication includes secondcontent associated with a second designated area of the one or moredesignated areas, wherein the second designated area is distinct fromthe designated area associated with the content.
 41. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 29, wherein the first portiondescribes a property of the content, and wherein the second portiondescribes the property of the content.
 42. The non-transitorycomputer-readable storage medium of claim 41, wherein the property is aday or a month.